Durga
Durga, que en sànscrit significa: "inaccessible"[1] o "invencible";[2] és una popular forma de deessa en l'Hinduisme o Devi. Se la representa amb molts braços, fins a 18,[3] portant diverses armes i cavalcant un lleó o tigre. Sovint és representada lluitant contra dimonis, particularment Mahishasura, el dimoni búfal.
Per al culte de la deessa Shakta, Durga sovint equival a Mahadevi, la Deessa Suprema. El seu triomf, com Mahishasura Mardini, contra el dimoni búfal és l'episodi central de l'escrit Devi Mahatmya. La seva victòria se celebra cada any als festivals de Navaratri i Durga Puja.
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HistòriaModifica
La paraula Shakti significa energia/força/poder diví, i Durga és l'aspecte guerrer de la Mare Divina de l'hinduisme/Brahman.
Com a deessa, el poder femení de Durga conté les energies combinades de tots els déus. Cadascuna de les seves armes li va ser donada per diversos déus: de Rudra el trident, de Vishnu el disc, etc.
ReferènciesModifica
- ↑ «Durga, Plantilla:Lang-gu,Plantilla:Lang-pa,(Bengali: ধুরগেশৗরী». Encyclopædia Britannica Online. [Consulta: 7 octubre 2009].
- ↑ «Article on Durga About.com Hinduism». [Consulta: 2 octubre 2011].
- ↑ BBC television documentary Divine Women written and presented by Bettany Hughes, episode 1 When God Was A Girl, broadcast 2012-04-11, shows Durga depicted in statues of her made by her devotees for the annual festival in her honour in Kolkata in 2011, and the statues had ten arms.
BibliografiaModifica
- Durga Puja: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Sudeshna Banerjee, Rupa and Co, Calcutta, 2004. (ISBN 81-291-0547-0)
- Hindu Goddesses: Vision of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Traditions, David Kinsley. (ISBN 81-208-0379-5)
- Mother Goddess Durga, Pranab Bandyopadhyay, United Writers, Calcutta 1993 ISBN 81-85328-13-7
- Grace and Mercy in Her Wild Hair : Selected Poems to the Mother Goddess, Ramprasad Sen (1720–1781). (ISBN 0-934252-94-7)
- Durga Puja Beginner, Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir, 2001. (ISBN 1-887472-89-4)
- "Chandi Path", Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir (ISBN 1-877795-52-6)
- "Chandi Path: Study of Chapter One", Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir (ISBN 1-877795-58-5)
- "Chandi Path: Study of Chapter Two", Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir (ISBN 1-877795-60-7)
- Offering Flowers, Feeding Skulls: Popular Goddess Worship in West Bengal, June McDaniel, Oxford University Press, 2004. (ISBN 0-19-516791-0)
- "Pronunciation and the Chandi Samputs", Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir (ISBN 1-877795-61-5)
- "Devi Gita", Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir (ISBN 1-877795-56-9)
- The Bond Between Women: A Journey to Fierce Compassion, China Galland, Riverhead Trade Publishing, U.S., 1999.
- Mahishasura Mardini Stotram (Prayer to the Goddess who killed Mahishasura), Sri Sri Sri Shankara Bhagavatpadacharya
Enllaços externsModifica
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