Esciliorrínids

(S'ha redirigit des de: Esciliorínids)

Els esciliorrínids (Scyliorhinidae) són una família de taurons de l'ordre dels carcariniformes, una de les més nombroses, amb 15 gèneres i 89 espècies.

Infotaula d'ésser viuEsciliorrínids
Scyliorhinidae Modifica el valor a Wikidata

Scyliorhinus hesperius Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Període
Taxonomia
Super-regneEukaryota
RegneAnimalia
FílumChordata
ClasseChondrichthyes
OrdreCarcharhiniformes
FamíliaScyliorhinidae Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Gill, 1862
Gèneres
Gató (Scyliorhinus canicula) fotografiat al sud de la Mar del Nord.
Atelomycterus marmoratus
Moixina (Galeus melastomus)
Apristurus profundorum

Morfologia modifica

  • Són esquals petits i de cos allargassat: la majoria d'espècies fan entre 60 i 70 cm de longitud però la més grossa (Apristurus gibbosus) assoleix els 4 m.[7] Tot i això la llargària màxima de les espècies mediterrànies és sempre inferior a 1 m.
  • Els ulls són grossos amb una petita membrana nictitant.
  • Les aletes dorsals es troben per darrere de les pèlviques, són subiguals i estan situades molt enrere. L'origen de la primera dorsal és clarament posterior a l'origen de les ventrals.
  • L'anal és grossa.
  • La caudal no es troba ben desenvolupada, és subhoritzontal i amb el lòbul inferior escarransit
  • Els espiracles són ben visibles.
  • Tenen cinc obertures branquials de les quals la cinquena, i de vegades també la quarta, estan situades sobre la base de les aletes pectorals.
  • Les dents són pluricuspidades, amb la cúspide principal aguda, menudes i nombroses, molt poc diferents de les de les dues mandíbules.[8][9][10]

Alimentació modifica

Mengen invertebrats i peixets.[1][11]

Hàbitat modifica

Totes les espècies són costaneres i sedentàries.[12]

Distribució geogràfica modifica

Es troben a tots els oceans de la Terra (llevat de l'oceà Antàrtic).[13] Són molt abundants a les costes de Sud-àfrica, a l'àrea marina compresa entre Àsia i Austràlia, i a l'oceà Pacífic occidental.[14]

Costums modifica

Són bentònics.

Taxonomia modifica

Referències modifica

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  8. Mas Ferrà, Xavier i Canyelles Ferrà, Xavier: Peixos de les Illes Balears. Editorial Moll, Palma, maig del 2000. Manuals d'introducció a la naturalesa, 13. ISBN 84-273-6013-4. Plana 49.
  9. Bleckmann, H., M. Hofmann: "Special Senses", planes 300-328 a W.C. Hamlett, ed. Sharks, Skates, and Rays. Baltimore, Maryland, Estats Units: The Johns Hopkins University Press. Any 1999.
  10. Duran, Miquel: Noms i descripcions dels peixos de la Mar Catalana. Tom I, Àgnats, Condrictis, Osteïctis (1a. part). Editorial Moll, Palma (Mallorca), 2007. ISBN 978-84-273-6508-7. Pàg. 101.
  11. Heithaus, M.: "Predator-Prey Interactions". Planes 487-522 a J.C. Carrier, J.A. Musick, M.R. Heithaus, eds. Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. Boca Raton, Florida, Estats Units: CRC Press. Any 2004.
  12. Compagno, L.: Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Princeton University Press. Any 1988.
  13. Musick, J., M. Harbin, L. Compagno: "Historical Zoogeography of the Selachii". Planes 33-78 a J.C. Carrier, J.A. Musick, M.R. Heithaus, eds. Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. Boca Raton, Florida, Estats Units: CRC Press. Any 2004.
  14. Duran, Miquel: Noms i descripcions dels peixos de la Mar Catalana. Pàg. 102.
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