Registres del Gran Historiador: diferència entre les revisions

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The Grand Historian used ''The Annals of the Five Emperors'' (五帝系諜) and the ''[[Shujing|Clàssic d'Història]]'' as source materials to make genealogies from the time of the [[Emperador Groc]] until that of the [[Regència Gonghe]] (841-2 BC). Sima Qian often cites his sources. For example, in the first chapter, "Annals of the Five Emperors," he writes, "I have read the [[Anals de Primavera i Tardor]] and the ''[[Guo Yu]]''." In his 13th chapter, "Genealogical Table of the Three Ages," Sima Qian writes, "I have read all the genealogies of the kings (''dieji'' 谍记) that exist since the time of the [[Emperador Groc]]." In his 14th chapter, "Yearly Chronicle of the Feudal Lords", he writes, "I have read all the royal annals (''chunqiu li pudie'' 春秋曆譜諜) up until the time of [[Rei Li de Zhou]]." In his 15th chapter, "Yearly Chronicle of the Six States," he writes, “I have read the Annals of [[Qin (estat)|Qin]] (''qin ji'' 秦記), and they say that the [[Quanrong]] [a barbarian tribe] defeated [[Rei You de Zhou]] [ca 771 BC]."
 
In the 19th chapter, he writes, "I have occasion to read over the records of enfeoffment and come to the case of Wu Qian, the marquis of Bian...." (The father of Marquis Bian, Wu Rui, was named king (wang) of [[Changsha]] in [[Hunan]] for his loyalty to Gaozu. See article on [[Zhao Tuo]]). In his chapter on the patriotic minister and poet [[Qu Yuan]], Sima Qian writes, "I have read [Qu Yuan's works] ''[[Li Sao]]'', ''[[Tianwen]]'' ("Heaven Asking"), ''Zhaohun'' (summoning the soul), and ''Ai Ying'' ([[Lament forper Ying]])”. In the 62nd chapter, "Biography of Guan and of Yan", he writes, "I have read Guan's ''Mu Min'' (牧民 - "Government of the People", a chapter in the ''[[Guanzi (text)|Guanzi]]''), ''Shan Gao'' ("The Mountains Are High"), ''Chengma'' ([[chariotCarro de guerra|carro]] and horses; a long section on war and economics), ''Qingzhong'' (Light and Heavy; i.e. "what is important"), and ''Jiufu'' (Nine Houses), as well as the ''Spring and Autumn Annals of Yanzi''." In his 64th chapter, "Biography of [[Sima Rangju]]", the Grand Historian writes, "I have read Sima's Art of War." In the 121st chapter, "Biographies of Scholars", he writes, "I read the Imperial Decrees that encouraged education officials."
[[File:Records of the Grand Historian.jpg|thumb|First page of chapter 2, Annals of Xia]]
 
Sima Qian wrote of the problems with incomplete, fragmentary and contradictory sources. For example, he mentioned in the preface to chapter 15 that the chronicle records of the feudal states kept in the [[ZhouDinastia DynastyZhou|Zhou]]'s archive were burnt by [[Qin Shihuang]] because they contained criticisms and ridicule of the Qin, and that the Qin annals were brief and incomplete.<ref>[http://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&id=5146 Chronological table of the six kingdoms] Original text: 秦既得意,燒天下詩書,諸侯史記尤甚,為其有所刺譏也。詩書所以復見者,多藏人家,而史記獨藏周室,以故滅。惜哉,惜哉!獨有秦記,又不載日月,其文略不具。</ref> In the 13th chapter he mentioned that the chronologies and genealogies of different ancient texts "disagree and contradict each other throughout". In his 18th chapter, Sima Qian writes, "I have set down only what is certain, and in doubtful cases left a blank."<ref>''Records of the Grand Historian'', vol. ''Han Dynasty I'', translated by [[Burton Watson]] (Columbia University, Revised Edition, 1993)</ref>
 
== Fiabilitat i precisió ==