Pel·lícula de 35 mm: diferència entre les revisions

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The commonly used [[anamorphic widescreen]] format utilitzis a similar four-perf frame, but an anamorphic lens is used on both the camera and projector to produeix a wider image, today with an aspect ràtio of about 2.39 (més commonly referred to as 2.40:1. The ràtio was 2.35:1 - and is still quite often mistakenly referred to as such - until a [[SMPTE]] revision of projection estàndards in 1970).<ref name="2.39"> Hart, Martin. ( 2000). Widescreen museum [http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/widescreen/apertures.htm "Of Aperture and Aspect Ratis"] Retrieved August 10, 2006. </ref> The image, es recorded on the negative and print, is horizontally compressed (squeeze) by a factor of 2.<ref name="ana"> Hora, John. "Anamorphic Cinematography". '' American Cinematographer Manual '', 8th edition. ASC Press: Hollywood, 2001. </ref>
 
[[Fitxer: Film-frames-nba.jpg|thumb|A film which has been "hard matter" to 1.85:1 in-camera. La majoria non-anamorphic widescreen films, tanmateix, són "soft matter" by a mask in the [[movie projector]] gate.]] The unexpected success of the [[Cinerama]] widescreen process in 1952 led to a boom in [[film format]] Innovations from both studios and individuals looking to capitalitzar on audience demand for higher quality, lower cost widescreen images. Before the end of the year, [[20th Century Fox]] had narrowly "guanyat" a race to obtain [[anamorphic]] optics, and començava hyping the [[Cinemascope]] technology as early as the production phase. <ref name = "scope"> Hart, Martin. American Widescreen Museum, [http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/widescreen/wingcs1.htm "Cinemascope Wing 1"]. Retrieved August 10, 2006. </ref> Feeling the han de competència but having little time for research and development, the major studios hit upon an easier solució by Mai 1953: matte the top and bottom of the frame to create a wider aspect ràtio . Paramount Studios començava this trend with their aspect ràtio of 1.66:1, first used in '' [[Shane (film)|Shane]] '', which was originally shot for [[Academy ràtio]].<ref name="crop"> Hart, Martin. American Widescreen Museum, [http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/Widescreen/evolution.htm "Early Evolution from Academy to Wide Screen Ratis"]. Retrieved August 10, 2006. </ref> Other studios followed suit with aspect ratios of 1.75:1, 1.85:1 and 2:1. For a time, these various ràtios competència, but by 1956, the aspect ràtio of 1.85:1 became the "standard" US format. These '' flat '' films són photographer with the full [[Academy ràtio|Academy frame]], but are matter (majoria often with a mask in the theater projector, not in the camera) to obtain the "wide" aspect ratio. This standard, in some European nations, became 1.66:1 instead of 1.85:1.
 
By September 1953, [[20th Century Fox]] debuti [[Cinemascope|Cinemascope]], the earliest mainstream anamorphic film process, to great success.<ref> Samuelson, David W. (September 2003). "Golden Years". '' American Cinematographer Magazine '' ASC Press pp. 70-77. </ref> It became the Basis for a host of "formats", usually suffixes with ''-scope '', which were otherwise identical in specification, although often inferior in optical quality. (Some Developments, such as [[Superscope|SuperScope]] and [[Techniscope]], tanmateix, were truly entirely different formats.) [[Panavision]] seria eventually solve molts of the Cinemascope Lenses 'technical·limitations with their own lens,<ref name="ana"/> and Cinemascope became obsolete in 1967 in favor of Panavision and other third-party manufacturers.<ref name="obsolete"> Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey (ed.) '' The Oxford History of World Cinema '', pg. 266. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1996. </ref>