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Polisèmia
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{{polisèmia|Rosa Maria Noguer Carbonés}}
{{Taxocaixa planta
| name = NoguerNoguera
| image = Juglans ailantifolia.jpg
| image_width = 210px
| image_caption = ''[[NoguerJuglans del Japóailantifolia]] (''Juglans ailantifolia'')
|
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Fagales]]
| familia = [[Juglandaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Juglandoideae]]
| tribus = [[Juglandeae]]
| subtribus = [[Juglandinae]]
| genus = '''''Juglans'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Espècies
| subdivision =Vegeu el text
}}
Una '''Noguera'''noguera, '''noguer ''' o ''' anouer''' ('''''Juglans''''') és un gènere de [[plantes amb flor]] de la família ''[[Juglandaceae]]''.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2 ''Juglans'' - Flora de la Xina]</ref> Són [[arbres]] [[caducifoli]]s de fruits en [[drupa]] força apreciats. La paraula ''Juglans'' prové del [[llatí]] ''[[Júpiter (mitologia)|Jupiter]] [[gla]]ns'', "gla de Júpiter". L'única espècie que prolifera de forma natural als [[Països Catalans]] és el noguer (''[[Juglans regia]]''). D'altres es troben del [[Japó]] fins al [[Canadà]] i a l'extrem meridional de l'[[Amèrica del Sud]].
 
== Característiques ==
Són [[arbres]] [[caducifoli]]s de fruits en [[drupa]] força apreciats. La paraula ''Juglans'' prové del [[llatí]] ''[[Júpiter (mitologia)|Jupiter]] [[gla]]ns'', "gla de Júpiter".
L'única espècie que es troba de forma natural a les [[Països Catalans|nostres contrades]] és el [[noguer]] (''Juglans regia'').
D'altres es troben del [[Japó]] fins al [[Canadà]] i a l'extrem meridional de l'[[Amèrica del Sud]].
== Espècies ==
* ''[[Juglans ailantifolia]]'' Carrière, [[Noguer del Japó]]
* ''[[Juglans australis]]'' Griseb.,
* ''[[Juglans boliviana]]'' (C. DC.) Dode, [[Noguer de Bolívia]]
* ''[[Juglans californica]]'' S. Watson, [[Noguer de Califòrnia]]
* ''[[Juglans cinerea]]'' L., [[Noguer cendròs]]
* ''[[Juglans guatemalensis]]'' W. E. Manning,
* ''[[Juglans hindsii]]'' Jeps. ex R. E. Sm., [[Noguer de Hind]]
* ''[[Juglans hirsuta]]'' W. E. Manning,
* ''[[Juglans hopeiensis]]'' Hu,
* ''[[Juglans jamaicensis]]'' C. DC., [[Noguer de les Antilles]]
* ''[[Juglans major]]'' (Torr.) A. Heller, [[Noguer d'Arizona]]
* ''[[Juglans mandshurica]]'' Maxim., [[Noguer de Mantxúria]]
* ''[[Juglans microcarpa]]'' Berland., [[Noguer de Texas]]
* ''[[Juglans mollis]]'' Engelm.,
* ''[[Juglans neotropica]]'' Diels, [[Noguer dels Andes]]
* ''[[Juglans nigra]]'' L., [[Noguer negre]] o noguer americà
* ''[[Juglans olanchana]]'' Standl. & L. O. Williams ,
* ''[[Juglans pyriformis]]'' Liebm.,
* ''[[Juglans regia]]'' L., [[Noguernoguer comú]] o noguer reial
* ''[[Juglans sigillata]]'' Dode,
* ''[[Juglans soratensis]]'' W. E. Manning
 
=== Híbrids ===
* ''J.&nbsp;×&nbsp;bixbyi'' Rehd. — ''J.&nbsp;ailantifolia'' x ''J.&nbsp;cinerea''
* ''J.&nbsp; ×&nbsp;intermedia bixbyi'' CarrRehd. — ''J.&nbsp;nigra ailantifolia'' x ''J.&nbsp;regia cinerea''
* ''J.&nbsp; ×&nbsp;notha intermedia'' RehdCarr. — ''J.&nbsp;ailantifolia nigra'' x ''J.&nbsp; regia''
* ''J.&nbsp; ×&nbsp;quadrangulata notha'' (Carr.) Rehd. — ''J.&nbsp;cinerea ailantifolia'' x ''J.&nbsp; regia''
* ''J.&nbsp; ×&nbsp;sinensis quadrangulata'' (D. CCarr.) Rehd. — ''J.&nbsp;mandschurica cinerea'' x ''J.&nbsp; regia''
* ''J.&nbsp; ×&nbsp;paradox sinensis'' Burbank(D. C.) Rehd. — ''J.&nbsp;hindsii mandschurica'' x ''J.&nbsp; regia''
* ''J.&nbsp; ×&nbsp;royal paradox'' Burbank — ''J.&nbsp; hindsii'' x ''J.&nbsp;nigra regia''
* ''J. × royal'' Burbank — ''J. hindsii'' x ''J. nigra''
== Referències ==
 
{{referències}}
== Notes==
* Brinkman, K.A. (1974) "''Juglans'' L. - Walnut", in: Schopmeyer, C.S. (ed.), ''Seeds of woody plants in the United States'', Agriculture Handbook '''450''', Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, p.&nbsp;454–459, (rev. ed.: 1992), ISBN 0-931146-21-6
<references />
* Hemery, G.E. (2001) "Growing walnut in mixed stands", ''Quart. J. Forestry'', '''95''', p.&nbsp;31–36
 
* Hemery, G.E. and Popov, S.I. (1998) "The walnut (''Juglans regia'' L.) forests of Kyrgyzstan and their importance as a genetic resource", ''Commonwealth Forestry Review'', '''77''' (4), p.&nbsp;272–276
== Bibliografia==
* Brinkman, K.A. (1974) "''Juglans'' L. - Walnut", in: Schopmeyer, C.S. (ed.), ''Seeds of woody plants in the United States'', Agriculture Handbook '''450''', Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, p.&nbsp; 454–459, (rev. ed.: 1992), ISBN 0-931146-21-6
* Hemery, G.E. (2001) "Growing walnut in mixed stands", ''Quart. J. Forestry'', '''95''', p.&nbsp; 31–36
* Hemery, G.E. and Popov, S.I. (1998) "The walnut (''Juglans regia'' L.) forests of Kyrgyzstan and their importance as a genetic resource", ''Commonwealth Forestry Review'', '''77''' (4), p.&nbsp; 272–276
* Pomogaybin, A.V., Kavelenova, L.M. and Silayeva, O.N. (2002) [http://www3.asu.ru/science/journal/chemwood/volume6/2002_04/0204_043.pdf "Некоторые Особенности Химического Состава И Биологической Активности Листового Опада Видов Рода Орех (''Juglans'' L.) При Интродукции В Среднем Поволжье]", ''Химия Растительного Сырья'', '''4''', p. 43–47 - in Russian
* Rood, T. (2001) ''[http://counties.cce.cornell.edu/yates/mg%20articles/MG4.25.01.htm Walnut and It's Toxicity Explored]'', Cornell Cooperative Extension, Cornell University webpage, accessed 20 April 2008
* Ross, M. (1996) "[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1082/is_n4_v40/ai_18629649 Walnuts: a mixed blessing - can have an adverse effect on some plants: includes a listing of plants unaffected by chemicals from the walnut tree - Gardening Challenges - Cover Story]", ''Flower & Garden Magazine'', (August-Sept), BNET UK website, accessed 20 April 2008
* Society for Neuroscience (2007). "[http://www.sciencedaily.com­/releases/2007/11/071106122843.htm Diet of walnuts, blueberries improve cognition; may help maintain brain function]", ''ScienceDaily'', 7 November 2007
* Vozzo, J.A. ''[http://www.rngr.net/Publications/ttsm/Folder.2003-07-11.4726 Tropical Tree Seed Manual, Part II—Species Descriptions]'' USDA Forest Service, http://www.rngr.net/Publications/ttsm/Folder.2003-07-11.4726
* Philips, Roger. ''Trees of North America and Europe,'' Random House, Inc., New York ISBN 0-394-50259-0, 1979.
 
== Enllaços externs ==
{{commonscat|Juglans}}
{{Projectes germans}}
* [http://www.sfp.forprod.vt.edu/factsheets/walnut.pdf Uses of the eastern black walnut shell]
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=40&taxon_id=116860 Flora of Bolivia: ''Juglans'']