Viquipèdia

Formaldehid: diferència entre les revisions

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{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid=464368486
| ImageFileL1=Formaldehyde-2D.svg
| ImageFileL1_Ref={{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1=Fómula esquelètica de formaldehid amb els hidrògens afegits explícitament
| ImageFileR1=Formaldehyde-3D-vdW.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref={{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1=Model de rebliment d'espai de formaldehid
| ImageFile2=Formaldehyde-3D-balls-A.png
| ImageFile2_Ref={{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize2=121
| ImageName2=Model de boles i pals de formaldehid
| IUPACName=Metan
| SystematicName=Metanal
| OtherNames= Metil aldehid<br/>Metilè glicol<br/>Òxid de metilè<br/>Formalina<br/>Formol
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| IUPHAR_ligand = 4196
| CASNo=50-00-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem=712
| ChemSpiderID=692
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII=1HG84L3525
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS=200-001-8
| UNNumber=2209
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank=DB03843
| KEGG=D00017
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| MeSHName=Formaldehyde
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI=16842
| ChEMBL=1255
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS=LP8925000
| ATCCode_prefix=P53
| ATCCode_suffix=AX19
| ATCvet=yes
| Beilstein=1209228
| Gmelin=445
| 3DMet=B00018
| SMILES=C=O
| StdInChI=1S/CH2O/c1-2/h1H2
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI=1/CH2O/c1-2/h1H2
| StdInChIKey=WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey=WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYAT
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=1 | H=2 | O=1
| Appearance=Gas incolor
| Density=0,8153 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (−20&nbsp;°C)<ref name=ipcs>[http://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/FORMALDEHYDE.pdf Formaldehyde (PDF)], SIDS Initial Assessment Report, [[International Programme on Chemical Safety]]</ref>
| MeltingPtC=-92
| BoilingPtC=-19
| BoilingPt_ref = <ref name=ipcs/>
| Solubility=400 g dm<sup>−3</sup>
| LogP=0,350
| pKa=13,3
| pKb=0,7
| Dipole=2,33 D
| VaporPressure = >1 atm (20&nbsp;°C)<ref name=PGCH/>
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| MolShape=plana trigonal
| PointGroup = C<sub>2v</sub>
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS=[https://www1.fishersci.com/ecomm/servlet/msdsproxy?LBCID=08350875&productName=F75P1GAL&productDescription=FORMALDEHYDE+POLY+1GAL&catNo=F75P1GAL&vendorId=VN00033897&storeId=10652 MSDS]
| EUIndex=605-001-00-5
| EUClass={{Hazchem T}} ('''T''')<br />{{Hazchem C}} ('''C''')<br />[[Carcinogen|Carc. Cat. 1]]
| RPhrases={{R23/24/25}} {{R34}} {{R43}} {{R45}}
| SPhrases={{S1/2}} {{S26}} {{S36/37/39}} {{S45}} {{S51}} {{S53}} {{S60}}
| NFPA-H=3
| NFPA-F=4
| NFPA-R=0
| FlashPtC = 64
| AutoignitionPtC = 430
| ExploLimits=7–73%
| LD50=100 mg/kg (oral, rata)<ref>http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/50-00-0</ref>
| PEL = TWA 0,75 ppm ST 2 ppm (com formaldehid i formalina)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0293}}</ref><ref>{{PGCH|0294}}</ref>
| IDLH = Ca [20 ppm]<ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = Ca TWA 0,016 ppm C 0,1 ppm [15-minuts]<ref name=PGCH/>
| LC50 = 333 ppm (ratolí, 2 h)<br/>815 ppm (rata, 30 min)<ref name=IDLH>{{IDLH|50000|Formaldehyde}}</ref>
| LCLo = 333 ppm (gat, 2 h)<ref name=IDLH/>
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label =[[aldehid]]s
| OtherFunction=[[Acetaldehid]]<br />[[Butiraldehid]]<br />[[Decanal]]<br />[[Heptanal]]<br />[[Hexaaln]]<br />[[Nonanal]]<br />[[Octadecanal]]<br />[[Octanal]]<br />[[Pentanal]]<br />[[Propionaldehid]]
| OtherCompounds=[[Metanol]]<br/>[[Àcid fòrmic]]
}}
}}
El '''formaldehid''' o '''metanal''' és un [[aldehid]] (el més simple de tots ells) derivat del [[metà]]. És un gas d'olor fort i irritant, soluble en aigua i alcohol. Fou descobert l'any [[1867]] pel químic alemany [[August Wilhelm von Hofmann]].
 
Obtingut de «https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formaldehid»