Estats Units contigus: diferència entre les revisions
Contingut suprimit Contingut afegit
m Robot endreça categories |
format de referències i millores de traducció |
||
Línia 1:
Els '''Estats Units contigus''' o '''Estats Units continentals''' (en anglès, ''contiguous United States'' o ''Mainland United States'') són els 48 [[Estats dels Estats Units|estats de]] EE. UU. localitzats al sud de [[Canadà]], a més del [[Washington DC|Districte de Columbia
{{cita libro |apellidos=Merriam-Webster, Inc. |nombre= |enlaceautor= |coautores= |otros= |título=Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th ed. |año=2003 |editorial=Merriam-Webster, Inc. |ubicación=Springfield, Mass. |isbn=0877798095 }}</ref><ref name="rhwcd">{{cita libro |apellidos=Random House |nombre= |enlaceautor= |coautores= |otros= |título=Random House Webster's College Dictionary |año=1991 |editorial=Random House |ubicación=Nueva York |isbn=0679401105 }}</ref><ref>These maps show the contiguous 48 states and D.C., but not Alaska and Hawaii. *[http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002500/a002566/ "Continental United States Population Map"]this map was prepared for a West Nile virus project - one that could pretty safely eliminate Alaska on other grounds.
▲Els '''Estats Units contigus''' o '''Estats Units continentals''' (en anglès, ''contiguous United States'' o ''Mainland United States'') són els 48 [[Estats dels Estats Units|estats de]] EE. UU. localitzats al sud de [[Canadà]], a més del [[Washington DC|Districte de Columbia.]]<ref>Error en el '''''títol''''' o la '''''url'''''.«».</ref> L'expressió exclou els estats d'Alaska i [[Hawaii|Hawái]], i tots els territoris insulars i possessions de EE. UU., com [[Puerto Rico]].<ref name="mwcd11">''[http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/continental continental]'', adj., "being the part of the United States on the North American continent; ''also'' : being the part of the United States comprising the lower 48 states"<br>
*[http://www.nps.gov/history/nagpra/documents/BasesMapIndex.htm Military Bases in the Continental United States]
</ref><ref name="conus_military">"CONUS" seems to be used primarily by the American military and the Federal government and those doing business with them. *'CONUS - "Continental United States." CONUS refers to the 48 contiguous states.' [http://www.navy.mil/tools/view_styleguide_all.asp U.S. Navy Style Guide]</ref>
Junts, els 48 estats contigus i el Districte de Columbia tenen una superfície de 7.825.268,25 km², una superfície semblant a la
</ref>▼
== Altres expressions ==
Mentre que les expressions «
=== Estats Units continentals ===
A causa que Alaska està també en el continent [[Amèrica|americà]], l'expressió «Estats Units continentals», si s'interpreta literalment, també ha d'incloure aquest estat,
* "Continental United States: The 48 adjoining states, Alaska and District of Columbia." [https://web.archive.org/web/20120402170349/http://www.unitedcargo.com/help/glossary.jsp?pageIndex=C UnitedCargo glossary]</ref> per la qual cosa l'expressió és de vegades matisada amb la inclusió o exclusió explícita d'Alaska per resoldre qualsevol ambigüitat.<ref>*{{cita web|cita=The ''continental United States'' comprises the 48 plus Alaska.|url=http://stylemanual.ngs.org/intranet/styleman.nsf/fe865d1098fe36e58525665100675485/5e9222e01432afcb852566980056c49e|título=National Geographic Style Manual|fechaacceso=25 de noviembre de 2008|urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20081119142032/http://stylemanual.ngs.org/intranet/styleman.nsf/fe865d1098fe36e58525665100675485/5e9222e01432afcb852566980056c49e|fechaarchivo=19 de noviembre de 2008}}
</ref><ref> '… the term "United States mainland" means the continental United States (not including Alaska).' [http://books.google.com/books?id=MGqe5tryc3oC&pg=PA3835&dq=%22continental+United+States%22+Alaska+Hawaii&lr=&ei=zyWcR8_xAZHcygTEpL2bCg&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=LlwdKpKC1ayreX-bZ_3VErsGQRE Internal Revenue Code (2007)]</ref><ref>Error en el '''''títol''''' o la '''''url'''''.«».▼
* {{cita web |cita=Continental United States: The 48 adjoining states, Alaska and District of Columbia. |url=http://www.unitedcargo.com/help/glossary.jsp?pageIndex=C |título=UnitedCargo glossary |fechaacceso=25 de noviembre de 2008 |urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112175447/http://www.unitedcargo.com/help/glossary.jsp?pageIndex=C |fechaarchivo=12 de enero de 2009 }}
* {{cita web |url=http://www.unitedcargo.com/help/glossary.jsp?pageIndex=C |título=United Airlines website |cita=Continental United States: The 48 adjoining states, Alaska and District of Columbia. |fechaacceso=25 de noviembre de 2008 |urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112175447/http://www.unitedcargo.com/help/glossary.jsp?pageIndex=C |fechaarchivo=12 de enero de 2009 }}
</ref><ref>"… merchandise to foreign countries from continental United states, Puerto Rico, and the territories of Alaska and Hawaii." [http://books.google.com/books?id=bWs2jS1Aj0EC&q=%22continental+United+States%22+Alaska+Hawaii&dq=%22continental+United+States%22+Alaska+Hawaii&lr=&ei=zyWcR8_xAZHcygTEpL2bCg&ie=ISO-8859-1&pgis=1 United States Foreign Trade (1950-1953)]▼
* {{cita web |url=http://www.alaskaair.com/as/mileageplan/AwardsUSACanada.asp |título=Alaska Airlines website |cita=The Continental U.S. includes the lower 48 states as well as the State of Alaska, unless otherwise specified. |fechaacceso=25 de noviembre de 2008 }}
</ref> No obstant això, fins i tot abans que Alaska es convertís en un estat, va ser inclòs de vegades en l'els «EE. UU. continentals» (''Continental US'').<ref>"In the absence of any such statement, Alaska probably would be regarded as a part of the continental United States." [http://books.google.com/books?id=DUaXI1fmrAEC&q=alaska+%22continental+united+states%22&dq=alaska+%22continental+united+states%22&lr= Inland Marine and Transportation Insurance (1949)]</ref>▼
* {{cita web |cita=In the absence of any such statement, Alaska probably would be regarded as a part of the continental United States. |url=http://books.google.com/books?lr=&id=DUaXI1fmrAEC&dq=alaska+%22continental+united+states%22&q=wording+including+excluding+absence+statement+probably+would+regarded&pgis=1 |título=Inland Marine and Transportation Insurance |año=1949 <before statehood> |fechaacceso=25 de noviembre de 2008 }}
▲</ref><ref>
{{cita web |cita=CONUS - "Continental United States" CONUS refers to the 48 contiguous states. |url=http://www.navy.mil/tools/view_styleguide_all.asp |título=U.S. Navy Style Guide |fechaacceso=25 de noviembre de 2008}}
</ref><ref name="rhwcd" /><ref>
▲
* 'Such subsection is further amended by striking out "continental United States (including Alaska)" …' [http://books.google.com/books?id=qlc2AAAAIAAJ&q=alaska+subsection+%22continental+United+States%22&dq=alaska+subsection+%22continental+United+States%22&lr=&as_brr=0&pgis=1 United States Code Annotated (1927)]
* "… for the states and territories Outside of the Continental United States. (Includes Alaska, …) …" [https://web.archive.org/web/20070815202851/http://www.nvoad.org/report.php?reportid=127 National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster]
* "OCONUS: Abbreviation for Outside the Continental United States. Includes Alaska and Hawaii." [https://web.archive.org/web/20091002042401/http://www.la.ngb.army.mil/fs/families/glossary.htm Glossary of Army Terms]
* "… outside the continental United States (includes Alaska and Hawaii, as well as Canada and all foreign countries) …" [https://www.equimax.com/cgi-bin/dbmacro.cgi/candidate/candform.m Equimax candidate listing]
</ref><ref>{{cita web |url=http://www.alaskaair.com/as/mileageplan/AwardsUSACanada.asp |título=Alaska Airlines website}}
</ref> L'expressió s'utilitzava abans de l'admissió d'[[Alaska]] i [[Hawaii]] com a estats dels Estats Units, i en aquest moment, en general, excloïa els territoris perifèrics dels EUA.<ref>{{cita web |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00319143.pdf |formato=PDF |cita=The area … is continental United States, by which is meant that part of the United States lying on the continent of North America south of the Canadian boundary. It thus excludes Alaska and the recent insular accessions of Hawaii, Porto Rico (sic), the Philippine Islands, Guam, Samoa... |título=Abstract of the 1900 Census (1904), p.xiii}}
</ref><ref>▼
▲
▲</ref> No obstant això, fins i tot abans que Alaska es convertís en un estat, va ser inclòs de vegades en
=== Els 48 inferiors ===
L'expressió «48 inferiors» o «48 menors» (''lower 48'')
▲</ref>
== Notes ==
{{listaref|2}}
[[Categoria:Geografia dels Estats Units]]
|