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[[Fitxer:Títol|thumb|200px|Peu d'imatge.]]
'''Títol''' &
<noinclude>{{User:RMCD bot/subject notice|1=Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic|2=Talk:Hulaulá language#Requested move 22 April 2021 }}
</noinclude>{{Infobox language
|name=Hulaulá
|nativename=יהודיותא ''Hûla'ûlā'', לשנא נשן ''Lišānā Nošān''
|pronunciation={{IPA-sem|ˌhulaʔuˈlɑ|}}
|states=Israel, [[Iran]], United States
|region=Israel, originally form [[Iranian Kurdistan]] and small parts of [[Iraqi Kurdistan]]
|speakers={{sigfig|10,350|1}}
|date=1999
|ref=e18
|familycolor=Afro-Asiatic
|fam2=[[Semitic languages|Semitic]]
|fam3=[[Central Semitic languages|Central Semitic]]
|fam4=[[Northwest Semitic languages|Northwest Semitic]]
|fam5=[[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]
|fam6=[[Eastern Aramaic]]
|fam7=[[Northeastern Neo-Aramaic|Northeastern]]
|iso3=huy
|glotto=hula1244
|glottorefname=Hulaula
}}
'''Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic''', also known as '''Hulaulá''' ({{lit|Jewish}}),<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/27190965/_Endangered_Languages_of_The_Middle_East_and_North_Africa (Endangered Languages of) The Middle East and North Africa] {{ill|Charles Häberl|WD=Q5079259}}</ref> is a grouping of related dialects of [[Northeastern Neo-Aramaic]] originally spoken by Jews in [[Kurdistan Province (Iran)|Iranian Kurdistan]] and easternmost [[Iraqi Kurdistan]]. Most speakers now live in Israel.
Speakers sometimes call their language ''Lishana Noshan'' or ''Lishana Akhni'', both of which mean 'our language'. To distinguish it from other dialects of Jewish Neo-Aramaic, Hulaulá is sometimes called ''Galiglu'' ('mine-yours'), demonstrating different use of prepositions and pronominal suffixes. Scholarly sources tend simply to call it ''Persian Kurdistani Jewish Neo-Aramaic''.
Hulaulá is written in the [[Hebrew alphabet]]. Spelling tends to be highly phonetic, and elided letters are not written.
== Origin==
Hulaulá sits at the southeastern extreme of the wide area over which various Neo-Aramaic dialects used to be spoken. From [[Sanandaj]], the capital of [[Kurdistan Province, Iran]], the area extended north, to the banks of [[Lake Urmia]]. From there, it extended west to [[Lake Van]] (in [[Turkey]]), and south onto the Plain of [[Mosul]] (in [[Iraq]]). Then it headed east again, through [[Arbil]], back to [[Sanandaj]].
The upheavals in their traditional region after the [[First World War]] and the founding of the State of Israel led most of the [[Persian Jews]] to settle in the new homeland in the early 1950s. Most older speakers still have [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] as a second language, while younger generations have [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]. Hulaulá is the strongest of all the Jewish Neo-Aramaic languages, with around 10,000 speakers. Almost all of these live in Israel, with a few remaining in Iran, and some in the United States.
==Intelligibility==
Hulaulá is somewhat intelligible with the Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Lake Urmia and [[Iranian Azerbaijan]]: [[Lishan Didan]]. It is also somewhat intelligible with its western neighbour, the Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Arbil: [[Lishanid Noshan]]. However, it is unintelligible with the Christian Neo-Aramaic of Sanandaj: [[Senaya language|Senaya]]. Christians and Jews spoke completely different Neo-Aramaic languages in the same region. Like other Judaeo-Aramaic languages, Hulaulá is sometimes called ''[[Targum (Aramaic dialect)|Targumic]]'', due to the long tradition of translating the [[Hebrew Bible]] into Aramaic, and the production of [[targum]]s.
==Influences==
The various dialects of Hulaulá were clustered around the major settlement areas of Jews in the region: the cities of [[Sanandaj]] and [[Saqqez]] in [[Kurdistan Province, Iran]], with a southern outpost at Kerend, and a cluster in the [[Iraq]]i city of [[Sulaymaniyah]]. Hulaulá is full of loanwords from [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]].
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* [[Wolfhart Heinrichs|Heinrichs, Wolfhart]] (ed.) (1990). ''Studies in Neo-Aramaic''. Scholars Press: Atlanta, Georgia. {{ISBN|1-55540-430-8}}.
* [[Arthur John Maclean|Maclean, Arthur John]] (1895). ''Grammar of the dialects of vernacular Syriac: as spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, north-west Persia, and the Plain of Mosul: with notices of the vernacular of the Jews of Azerbaijan and of Zakhu near Mosul''. Cambridge University Press, London.
{{Jewish languages}}
{{Neo-Aramaic}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hulaula Language}}
== Referències ==
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