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{{Traducció|en|Mamai}}
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{{Infobox Royalty
|title =Beqlarbeg
|coronation =
|issue =Khan Mamatsios
|dynasty =[[Borjigin]]
|royal anthem =
|father =
|mother =
|date of birth =~1335?
|place of birth =
|date of death =1380
|place of death =[[Feodosiya|Caffa]], [[Golden Horde]]
|date of burial =
|place of burial =''Şeyh Mamay'' <small>(today Aivazovske, [[Kirovske Raion]])</small>
}}
{{Infobox Royalty
|name =Mamai
|title =Beqlarbeg
|image =
|caption =
|reign =
|coronation =
|othertitles =Temnik
|full name =
|predecessor =?
|successor =[[Edigu]]
|spouse 1 =[[Berdi Beg]]'s daughter
|spouse 2 =
|spouse 3 =
|spouse 4 =
|spouse 5 =
|spouse 6 =
|issue =Khan Mamatsios
|dynasty =[[Borjigin]]
|royal anthem =
|father =
|mother =
|date of birth =~1335?
|place of birth =
|date of death =1380
|place of death =[[Feodosiya|Caffa]], [[Golden Horde]]
|date of burial =
|place of burial =''Şeyh Mamay'' <small>(today Aivazovske, [[Kirovske Raion]])</small>
}}
{{unreferenced|date=September 2007}}
{{unreferenced|date=September 2007}}
[[File:Donskoi.jpg|right|225px|thumb|Mamai at the feet of [[Dmitry Donskoi]], [[Millennium of Russia|Millennium Monument]] in [[Novgorod]]]]
[[File:Donskoi.jpg|right|225px|thumb|Mamai als peus de [[Demetri I de Moscou|Dmitry Donskoi]], [[Monument De Mil·lenni]] a [[Nóvgorod|Novgorod]]]]
'''Mamai''' (? - 1380) of [[Borjigin]] kin, was a powerful military commander of the [[Blue Horde]] in the 1370s which is now the Southern [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] Steppes and the [[Crimea]]n Peninsula.
'''Mamai''' (? - 1380) de família de [[Borjigin]], era un comandant militar poderós de la [[Multitud Blava]] durant els anys 1370 que són ara les Estepes [[Ucraïna|Ucraïneses]] del Sud i la Península de [[Crimea|Crimean]].
Mamai became a governor sometime in the second half of 1350s of a territory that later would become [[Crimean Khanate]]. During the rule of [[Berdi Beg]] (since 1357) Mamai was appointed as ''beqlar beg'' - general of the army, minister of foreign affairs, and the head of the supreme court all simultaneously.
Mamai convenia a un governador en algun moment en la segona meitat de 1350 d'un territori que més tard convindria a [[Khanat de Crimea|Crimean Khanate]]. Durant la regla de [[Berdibeg|Berdi Beg]] (des de 1357) Mamai s'assignava com ''beqlar demanar'' - general de l'exèrcit, ministre d'afers exteriors, i el cap del tribunal suprem completament simultàniament.
Upon the assassination of Berdi Beg by [[Qulpa]] in 1359, Mamai associated himself with one of the coalitions to depose Qulpa. During that period of time [[Golden Horde]] was in a relative chaos while numerous regional governors were striving to become the Khan. Qulpa eventually was killed by Nawruz Beg who also was assassinated less than a half year later. Mamai who was not a direct descendant of [[Genghis Khan]] played a key role in promoting and supporting rival khans in White Horde (western part of Golden Horde). In 1361 he supported Ğabdullah, son of [[Uzbeg Khan]] who became a khan in Crimea. Upon the death of Ğabdullah in 1970, Mamai supported Bulak who could only stay in power for couple of years was replaced by his main opponent Urus in 1372.
A l'assassinat de Berdi Beg per [[Kulna Khan|Qulpa]] el 1359, Mamai s'associava amb una de les coalicions per deposar Qulpa. Durant aquell període de temps LA [[Horda d'Or|Multitud Daurada]] era en un caos relatiu mentre els governadors regionals nombrosos s'estaven esforçant per convertir-se en el Khan. Qulpa finalment era matat per Nawruz Beg que també era assassinat menys que un mig any posterior. Mamai qui no era un descendent directe de [[Genguis Khan|Genghis Khan]] jugava un paper clau promovent i donant suport a khans rivals en Multitud Blanca (part occidental de Multitud Daurada). El 1361 donava suport a l'abdullah, a fill d'[[Uzbeg Khan]] que es convertia en un khan a Crimea. A la mort d'abdullah el 1970, Mamai donava suport a Bulak que només es podria quedar al poder perquè el parell d'anys es canviaven pel seu adversari principal Urus el 1372.
After being badly defeated by Russians under [[Dmitri Donskoi]] first in 1378 at the [[Battle of the Vozha River]] and then at the [[Battle of Kulikovo]] (1380), Mamai began to assemble a large force to punish Dmitri. But he was defeated by [[Tokhtamysh]] (who was of genghisid lineage) on the banks of the [[Kalka River]] and fled to [[Crimea]]. There he was assassinated in [[Feodosiya|Caffa]] ([[Crimea]]) by the [[Genoa|Genoese]], who could not forgive the total waste of a military unit of Genoese [[crossbow]]men who were slaughtered by the Russians. The assassination of Mamai paved the way for the next khan to reunify the Golden Horde.
Després de ser mal derrotat per russos sota [[Demetri I de Moscou|Dmitri Donskoi]] primer el 1378 al [[Riu D'of The Vozha De]] [[Batalla de Kulikovo|Batalla]] i llavors a la [[Crimea|Batalla]] OF KULIKOVO (1380), Mamai començava a reunir una força gran per castigar Dmitri. Però era derrotat per [[Tokhtamysh]] (qui era de llinatge de genghisid) als bancs del [[Riu De Kalka]] i es fugia d'ell a [[Crimea]]. Allà era assassinat en [[Feodòssia|Caffa]] (CRIMEA) pel [[Gènova|Genoese]], que no podria perdonar el malbaratament total d'una unitat militar de [[ballesta|ballesters]] Genoese que eren massacrats pels russos. L'assassinat de Mamai preparava la manera per al pròxim khan de reunificar la Multitud Daurada.
The memory of Mamai has endured for centuries. Contemporary [[Russian language]] has an expression "как Мамай прошел" (''kak Mamaj prošel''), which translates roughly to "it's as if Mamai came through here", used to describe an utter mess.
La memòria de Mamai ha durat durant segles. La [[Rus|Llengua russa]] contemporània té un expressió " (''kak Mamaj prosel''), que tradueix aproximadament a "és com si Mamai vingués a través d'aquí", utilitzat per descriure un complet desordre.
The burial of Mamai was found by the native Crimean and famous Russian painter [[Ivan Aivazovsky]]. Mamai was buried in a village of ''Şeyh Mamay'' (today Aivazovske, [[Kirovske Raion]]).
L'enterrament de Mamai era trobat pel nadiu Crimean i el pintor rus famós [[Ivan Aivazovsky]]. Mamai estava enterrat en un poble de ''eyh Mamay'' (avui Aivazovske, [[Kirovske Raion)]].
== Purported descendants ==
== descendents Fets Veure ==
Khan Mamatsios or Mamatzios, Mamatsu (Mamai-son) Macedonie was a supposed son of Mamai. One of his sons, Manzur Kiyat, purportedly escaped to [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]], and, serving Grand Prince [[Vytautas the Great]], received the title of Prince of [[Hlinsk]] with multiple estates around the modern city of [[Poltava]] ([[Ukraine]]). These legendary events could have taken place in the 15th century, although the first documented mention of the [[Glinski]] princes is made in 1437. [[Michael Glinski]] was the most illustrious member of the family: he studied at the German university, took part as a knight in the [[Italian Wars]], was the most powerful man in Lithuania in the 16th century, but later rebelled and run away with his brothers to [[Muscovy]] and helped the Russians to retake the city of [[Smolensk]]. His niece [[Elena Glinskaya]] was married to [[Vasili III of Russia|Vasily III]], Grand Prince of [[Moscow]], and [[Ivan the Terrible]] was her son.
Khan Mamatsios o Mamatzios, Mamatsu (Fill de Mamai) Macedonie era un suposat fill de Mamai. Un dels seus fills, Manzur Kiyat, purportedly s'escapava a [[Gran Ducat de Lituània|Lituània]], i, servint el Gran Príncep [[Vytautas The Great]], rebia el títol de Príncep de [[Hlinsk]] amb propietats múltiples al voltant de la ciutat moderna de [[Poltava]] [[Ucraïna|(ucraïna)]]. Aquests esdeveniments llegendaris podrien haver tingut lloc al 15è segle, encara que la primera menció documentada dels prínceps de [[Glinski]] es fa el [[1437. Michael]] [[Ivan IV de Rússia|Glinski]] era el membre més il·lustre de la família: estudiava a la universitat alemanya, participava com a cavaller en les [[Guerres d'Itàlia|Guerres Italianes]], era l'home més poderós a Lituània al 16è segle, però més tard rebel·lat i escapat amb els seus germans a [[Gran Ducat de Moscou|Muscovy]] i ajudava els russos a reconquerir la ciutat de [[Smolensk]]. La seva neboda que [[Elena Glinskaya]] era casava amb [[Basili III de Moscou|Vasily Iii]], el Gran Príncep de [[Moscou]], i IVAN THE TERRIBLE era el seu fill.
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{{succession box|title=Military Leader of [[Blue Horde]] and [[Golden Horde]]|before=|after=[[Edigu]]|years='''1361 – 1380'''}}
{{succession box|title=Military Leader of [[Blue Horde]] and [[Golden Horde]]|before=|after=[[Edigu]]|years='''1361 – 1380'''}}
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[[Categoria:Segle XIV]]
[[Categoria:Història de Rússia]]
[[Categoria:Història política]]
[[Categoria:Política de Rússia]]
[[Categoria:Imperi Mongol]]
[[Categoria:Mongols]]
[[Categoria:Història d'Ucraïna]]
[[Categoria:Pobles túrquics]]
[[Categoria:Repúbliques de Rússia]]
[[Categoria:Alta Edat Mitjana]]
[[Categoria:Estats històrics d'Europa]]
[[Category:14th-century people]]
[[Category:Politics of Muscovy]]
[[Category:Golden Horde]]
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[[zh:馬麥]]
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