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{{Traducció|en|Bishopric of Merseburg}}
{{Infobox former country
|native_name = ''Hochstift Merseburg''
|conventional_long_name = Prince-Bishopric of Merseburg
|common_name = Merseburg
|
|empire = Holy Roman Empire
|government_type = [[Princes of the Holy Roman Empire|Principality]]
|
|year_end = 1565
|
|event1 = Turned [[Protestant Reformation|Protestant]]
|event_end = Incorporated by [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxony]]
|
|image_s1 = [[File:Blason Jean-Georges IV de Saxe.svg|20px|alt=]]
|
|image_map_caption = Bishoprics of Merseburg |
|
}}
{{Infobox former country
|native_name = ''Hochstift Merseburg''
|conventional_long_name = Prince-Bishopric of Merseburg
|common_name = Merseburg
|
|continent = Europe
|region = Central Europe
|country = Germany
|era = Middle Ages
|status = Vassal
|empire = Holy Roman Empire
|government_type = [[Princes of the Holy Roman Empire|Principality]]
|
|year_start = 1004
|year_end = 1565
|
|event_pre = Bishopric established
|date_pre = 967
|event_start = [[Prince-bishop]]ric
|event1 = Turned [[Protestant Reformation|Protestant]]
|date_event1 = 1544
|event_end = Incorporated by [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxony]]
|
|p1 = Duchy of Saxony
|image_p1 = [[File:Coat of arms of Lower Saxony.svg|20px|alt=]]
|s1 = Electorate of Saxony
|image_s1 = [[File:Blason Jean-Georges IV de Saxe.svg|20px|alt=]]
|
|image_flag =
|image_coat = Merseburg-Bistum.PNG
|image_map = Osterland 1250.PNG
|image_map_caption = Bishoprics of Merseburg, Naumburg and Zeitz (violet) about 1250
|
|capital = Merseburg
|common_languages = [[German language|German]]
|religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
|
|footnotes = <!--- Accepts wikilinks --->
}}
The '''Bishopric of Merseburg''' was a [[episcopal see]] on the eastern border of the mediæval [[Duchy of Saxony]] with its centre in [[Merseburg]], where [[Merseburg Cathedral]] was constructed. The see was founded in 967 by Emperor [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto I]] at the same time in the same manner as those of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Dresden-Meissen|Meissen]] and [[Zeitz]] (from 1029: [[Naumburg]]), all suffragan dioceses of the [[Archbishopric of Magdeburg]] as part of a plan to bind the [[Polabian Slavs|Slavic]] ("[[Wends|Wendish]]") lands in the [[Saxon Eastern March]] beyond the [[Saale]] river more closely to the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. The bishopric then covered a considerable small territory between the Saale and [[Mulde]] rivers.
El '''Bisbat de Merseburg''' era un [[episcopal veure]] a la frontera oriental del mediæval [[Ducat de Saxònia|Duchy De Saxony]] amb el seu centre en [[Merseburg]], on [[Catedral De Merseburg]] era construït. El veure era fundat en 967 per l'Emperador [[Otó I del Sacre Imperi Romano-Germànic|Otto]] jo alhora en la mateixa manera com aquells de [[Meissen]] i [[Zeitz]] (des de [[1029: naumburg),]] totes les diòcesis suffragan de l'[[Arquebisbat de Magdeburg|Arxibisbat De Magdeburg]] com part d'un pla de lligar les terres [[Eslaves]] ("[[Wends|Wendish]]") en el [[Sax]]Ó MARÇ ORIENTAL més enllà del riu de [[Saale]] més de prop a l'[[Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic|Imperi Romà Sagrat]]. El bisbat llavors cobria un territori petit considerable entre el Saale i rius de [[Mulde]].
[[File:Merseburger Dom.jpg|thumb|left|Merseburg Cathedral]]
[[File:Merseburger Dom.jpg|thumb|deixat|Catedral Merseburg]]
About 919 Otto's father King [[Henry the Fowler]] had a ''[[Kaiserpfalz]]'' erected in Merseburg in the [[Eastphalia]]n ''[[Hassegau]]'', hometown of his first wife Hatheburg. The establishment of the diocese traced back to a vow Otto took before his victory against the [[Hungarian people|Hungarians]] at the [[Battle of Lechfeld]] on [[Saint Laurence]] day, 10 August 955. Confirmed by [[Pope John XIII]] at the 968 [[synod]] in [[Ravenna]], the first Merseburg bishop was [[Boso of Merseburg|Boso]], a [[History of Bavaria|Bavarian]] monk descending from [[St. Emmeram's Abbey]] in [[Regensburg]] (Ratisbon), already distinguished by his [[missionary]] labours among the pagan [[Sorbs]].
Sobre 919 el Rei pare d'Otto [[Enric I d'Alemanya|Henry The Fowler]] tenia un ''[[Kaiserpfalz]]'' aixecat a Merseburg en l'[[Eastphalian]] ''[[Hassegau]]'', hometown de la seva primera muller Hatheburg. L'establiment de la diòcesi es remuntava a una promesa que Otto prenia abans de la seva victòria contra els [[Magiar|Hongaresos]] a la [[Batalla de Lechfeld|Batalla Of Lechfeld]] en [[Llorenç màrtir|Saint Laurence]] dia, 10 d'agost de 955. Confirmat per [[Joan XIII|Pope John Xiii]] al [[sínode]] de 968 a [[Ravenna]], el primer bisbe Merseburg era [[Boso]], un monjo [[Bavar]]ÈS que baixava des de l'[[Abadia D'emmeram De]] ST. a [[Ratisbona|Regensburg]] (Ratisbon), ja distingit pels seus treballs [[missioners]] entre el pagà [[Sòrabs|Sorbs]].
Boso's successor [[Gisilher]], a confidant of the new Emperor [[Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto II]], from 971 procured the suppression of the see in favour of his aims to become Archbishop of Magdeburg, finally reached through the Emperor's power over [[Pope Benedict VII]] in 981. However this step was clearly against the interests of the Church and the position of Magdeburg archbishopric was decisively enfeebled after the [[Great Slav Rising]] of 983, therefore the dissolution was revoked by the papacy in 998 or early in 999 at a [[Rome|Roma]]n synod. Upon Archbishop Gisilher's death in 1004, Emperor [[Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry II]] re-established the [[Prince-bishop]]ric; the diocese did not, however, recover all its former territory, and was now almost exclusively a missionary jurisdiction among the Sorbs, who were not fully converted to Christianity until the middle of the 12th century.
El successor de Boso [[Gisilher]], un confident de l'Emperor [[Otó II|Otto Ii]] nou, des de 971 aconseguia la supressió del veure a favor dels seus propòsits per convertir-se en Arquebisbe de Magdeburg, finalment arribat a través del poder de l'Emperador sobre [[Benet VII|Pope Benedict Vii]] en 981. Tanmateix aquest pas era clarament en contra dels interessos de l'Església i la posició d'arxibisbat Magdeburg era decisivament enfeebled després de la [[Gran Pujada D'eslau]] de 983, per això la dissolució era revocada pel papacy en 998 o d'hora en 999 a un sínode [[Roma|Romà]]. A la mort d'Archbishop Gisilher el 1004, el [[Enric II del Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic|Henri]] d'Emperador II reestablia el [[Príncep-bisbe|Bisbat]] de PRÍNCEP; la diòcesi no recobrava, tanmateix, tot el seu anterior territori, i era ara gairebé exclusivament una jurisdicció missionera entre el Sorbs, que no es convertia plenament en cristianisme fins al mig del 12è segle.
Under Bishop [[Thietmar of Merseburg|Thietmar]] (1009-1018) the erection of Merseburg Cathedral began, it was consecrated in 1021 in presence of Emperor Henry II. During the [[Investiture Controversy]] the Merseburg bishops sided with [[Pope Gregory VII]] and also joined the [[Great Saxon Revolt]], which, however, could not stop the dwindling importance of the small diocese. From the 13th century onwards, the bishops had to deal with rising power of the [[Margraviate of Meissen|Meissen]] margraves of the [[House of Wettin|Wettin dynasty]], from 1423 [[Electorate of Saxony|Electors of Saxony]], who by denying Merseburg's [[Imperial immediacy]] attempted to acquire the overlordship. By the 1485 [[Treaty of Leipzig]] the Wettins allocated the [[protectorate]] over Merseburg to Duke [[Albert III, Duke of Saxony|Albert III of Saxony]].
Sota el Bisbe [[Thietmar]] (1009-1018) començava l'erecció de Catedral Merseburg, es consagrava el 1021 en la presència d'Emperor Henry Ii. Durant la [[Lluita de les Investidures|Controvèrsia D'investidura]] els bisbes Merseburg estaven amb [[Gregori VII|Pope Gregory Vii]] i també unien la [[Gran Rebel·lió De Saxó]], que, tanmateix, no podria aturar la importància que es redueix de la diòcesi petita. Des del 13è segle cap endavant, els bisbes havien de tractar amb poder de pujada dels [[Meissen]] margraves de la [[Wettin|Dinastia de wettin]], des de [[Electorat de Saxònia|1423 Electors Of]] [[Saxony]], que negant la [[Immediatesa imperial]] de Merseburg intentava adquirir l'overlordship. Prop del TRACTAT de 1485 DE LEIPZIG el Wettins assignava el [[protectorat]] sobre Merseburg al Duc [[Albert Iii De Saxony]].
The bishopric's fate was sealed with the [[Protestant Reformation]], which was enforced here during the episcopate of Prince [[Adolph II, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen|Adolph II of Anhalt]], who was driven out of office by his uprising subjects during the [[Peasants' War]] in 1525. In 1544 Elector [[Augustus, Elector of Saxony|Augustus of Saxony]] finally assumed the rule as Protestant administrator, with Prince [[George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau|George III of Anhalt]] as [[Coadjutor bishop]]. In 1561 the Saxon elector installed his minor son Alexander as administrator, who nevertheless died four years later, whereafter the Bishopric of Merseburg was finally incorporated by the Saxon electorate. From 1652 to 1738 the descendants of the Wettin duke [[Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg|Christian I]] held the title of a "Duke of Saxe-Merseburg".
El destí del bisbat se segellava amb el [[Reforma Protestant|Protestant Reformation]], que es reforçava aquí durant l'episcopate del Príncep [[Adolph Ii D'anhalt]], que es portava fora d'oficina pels seus temes de revolta durant la [[Guerra]] dels [[Camperols]] en 1525. El 1544 Elector [[Coadjutor|Augustus of]] [[Saxony]] finalment assumia la regla com administrador protestant, amb el Príncep [[George Iii D'anhalt]] com COADJUTOR BISHOP. El 1561 l'elector de saxó instal·lava el seu fill menor Alexander com administrador, que no obstant això moria quatre anys més tard, whereafter el Bisbat de Merseburg era finalment incorporat prop de l'electorat de saxó. De 1652 a 1738 els descendents del CRISTIÀ duc Wettin jo considerat el títol d'un "Duc de Saxe-Merseburg".
At the 1815 [[Congress of Vienna]], three-fourths of the former diocesan territory was assigned to the [[Kingdom of Prussia]], the rest remaining Saxon; the religious attitude of the people was by that time almost entirely [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]].
Al [[Congrés de Viena|Congr]]ÉS de [[Prússia#Regne de Prússia (1701-1918)|1815 Of Vienna]], tres quarts de l'anterior territori diocesan s'assignava al [[Luteranisme|Regne]] OF PRUSSIA, la resta que romania saxó; l'actitud religiosa de la gent era abans d'aquell temps gairebé totalment LUTERANA.
== Incumbents of the see of Merseburg ==
== Incumbents del veure de Merseburg ==
===Bishops of Merseburg===
=== Bisbes de Merseburg ===
*967–970: [[Boso of Merseburg|Boso]]
* [[967 ??970: boso
]]
*971–981: [[Gisilher]]
* [[971 ??981: gisilher
]]
*981–1004: diocese dissolved
* 981 ??1004: la diòcesi es dissolia
===Prince-Bishops of Merseburg===
=== Bisbes de Príncep de Merseburg ===
*1004–1009: Wigbert
* 1004 ??1009: Wigbert
*1009–1018: [[Thietmar of Merseburg|Thietmar of Walbeck]]
* [[1009 ??1018: Thietmar]] DE WALBECK
*1019–1036: [[Bruno of Merseburg (bishop)|Bruno of Merseburg]]
* [[1019 ??1036: Bruno]] DE MERSEBURG
*1036–1050: Hunold
* 1036 ??1050: Hunold
*1050–1053: Alberich
* 1050 ??1053: Alberich
*1053: Winther
* 1053: Winther
*1053–1057: Ezzelin I
* 1053 ??1057: Ezzelin I
*1057–1062: Offo (also Uffo, Onuphrius, or Woffo)
* 1057 ??1062: Offo (també Uffo, Onuphrius, o Woffo)
*1062–1063: Günther (also Winithar)
* 1062 ??1063: Günther (també Winithar)
*1063–1093: Werner of Wolkenburg
* 1063 ??1093: Werner de Wolkenburg
*1075: Eberhard (anti-bishop)
* 1075: Eberhard (antibisbe)
*1093–1097: [[sede vacante]]
* [[sede vacante|1093 ??1097: sede vacante
]]
*1097–1112: Albuin
* 1097 ??1112: Albuin
*1112–1120: Gerard (Gerhard)
* 1112 ??1120: Gerard (Gerhard)
*1120–1126: Arnold
* 1120 ??1126: Arnold
*1126–1140: Megingoz (also Meingod)
* 1126 ??1140: Megingoz (també Meingod)
*1140–1140: Henry I
* 1140 ??1140: Henri I
*1140–1143: Ezzelin II (also Eckhelm)
* 1140 ??1143: Ezzelin Ii (també Eckhelm)
*1143–1151: Raynard (Reinhard) of Querfurt
* 1143 ??1151: Raynard (Reinhard) de Querfurt
*1151–1170: John I (Johann)
* 1151 ??1170: John jo (Johann)
*1171–1201: Count [[Eberhard of Seeburg]]
* 1171 ??1201: Compte [[Eberhard Of Seeburg]]
*1201–1215: Derek of Meissen (Dietrich von Meißen)
* 1201 ??1215: Derek de Meissen (Dietrich von Meißen)
*1215–1240: Ekkehard Rabil (also Engelhard)
* 1215 ??1240: Ekkehard Rabil (també Engelhard)
*1240–1244: Rudolph of Webau
* 1240 ??1244: Rudolph de Webau
*1244–1265: Henry II of Waren
* 1244 ??1265: Henri Ii de Waren
*1265: Albert I of Borna (Albrecht)
* 1265: Albert jo de Borna (Albrecht)
*1265–1283: Frederick I of Torgau
* 1265 ??1283: Frederick jo de Torgau
*1283–1300: Henry III [[von Ammendorf Family|von Ammendorf]]
* 1283 ??1300: Henri Iii [[Von ammendorf]]
*1300–1319: [[Heinrich Kindt|Henry IV]]
* [[1300 ??1319: Henri Iv
]]
*1320–1340: Gebhard of Schrapelau (or Schraplau)
* 1320 ??1340: Gebhard de Schrapelau (o Schraplau)
*1341–1357: [[Henry of Stolberg (1270–1357)|Henry V]], [[County of Stolberg|Count of Stolberg]]
* 1341 ??1357: [[V D'henry]], [[Compte De Stolberg]]
*1357–1382: [[Frederick of Hoym (bishop)|Frederick II of Hoym]]
* [[1357 ??1382: Frederick Ii]] D'HOYM
*1382–1384: [[Burkhard of Querfurt]]
* [[1382 ??1384: Burkhard]] DE QUERFURT
*1382–1385: Andreas Dauba (anti-bishop)
* 1382 ??1385: Andreas Dauba (antibisbe)
*1384–1393: [[Henry of Stolberg (bishop)|Henry VI]], [[County of Stolberg|Count of Stolberg]]
* 1384 ??1393: [[Henri Vi]], [[Compte De Stolberg]]
*1393–1403: Henry VII, treasurer from Orlamünde
* 1393 ??1403: Henri Vii, tresorer des d'Orlamünde
*1403–1406: [[Otto of Honstein]]
* [[1403 ??1406: Otto]] D'HONSTEIN
*1406: Bishop Elect [[Henry of Stolberg (coadjutor)|Henry (VIII)]], [[County of Stolberg|Count of Stolberg]]
* 1406: Bisbe Elect [[Henry (viii)]], [[Compte De Stolberg]]
*1407–1411: [[Walter von Köckeritz]]
* [[1407 ??1411: Walter]] VON KÖCKERITZ
*1411–1431: [[Nikolaus Lubich|Nicholas Lubich]]
* [[1411 ??1431: Lubich De Nicholas
]]
*1431–1463: [[Johannes von Bose|John II of Bose]] (Johannes; 23 May 1431 - 3 October 1463)
* 1431 ??1463: [[John Ii De Bose]] (Johannes; 23 de maig - 3 octubre 1463 de 1431)
*1464–1466: [[Johannes von Werder|John III of Bose]] (Johannes; January 1464 - 11 July 1466)
* 1464 ??1466: [[John Iii De Bose]] (Johannes; Gener - 11 juliol 1466 de 1464)
*1466–1514: Thilo of Trotha (21 Jul 1466 - 5 Mar 1514)
* 1466 ??1514: Thilo de Trotha (21 de jul. 1466 - 5 N'Espatlla 1514)
*1514–1526: [[Adolph II, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen|Adolph of Anhalt]] (5 March 1514 - 23 March 1526)
* 1514 ??1526: [[Adolph D'anhalt]] (5 de març 1514 - 23 Fa Anar-ne 1526)
*1526–1535: [[Vincent of Schleinitz]] (Vinzenz; 9 April 1526 - 21 March 1535)
* 1526 ??1535: [[Vincent De Schleinitz]] (Vinzenz; 9 d'abril 1526 - 21 Fa Anar-ne 1535)
*1535–1544: [[Sigismund of Lindenau]] (3 April 1535 - 4 January 1544)
* 1535 ??1544: [[Sigismund De Lindenau]] (3 d'abril - 4 gener 1544 de 1535)
===Lutheran Administrator and coadjutor===
=== Administrador Luterà i coadjutor ===
*1544–1548: [[Augustus, Elector of Saxony|Augustus of Saxony]], as [[Diocesan administrator#Administrators of prince-bishoprics|administrator]]
* 1544 ??1548: [[Augustus De Saxony]], com [[Administrator#administrators diocesan de bisbats]] de PRÍNCEP|ADMINISTRADOR
**1544–1549: [[George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau|George of Anhalt]], as Lutheran coadjutor
** 1544 ??1549: [[George D'anhalt]], com coadjutor luterà
===Prince-Bishop===
=== Bisbe de Príncep ===
*1549–1561: [[Michael Helding]] (28 May 1549 - 30 September 1561)
* [[1549 ??1561: Michael Helding ]](28 de maig - 30 setembre 1561 de 1549)
===Lutheran Administrator===
=== Administrador luterà ===
*1561–1565: [[Alexander of Saxony]]
* [[1561 ??1565: Alexander]] DE SAXONY
**In 1565 the prince-bishopric was annexed to the [[Electorate of Saxony]]
** 1565 el bisbat de prínceps era annexionat a l'[[Electorat de Saxònia|Electorat Of Saxony]]
==References==
== Referències ==
* {{Schaff-Herzog}}
* {{Schaff-Herzog}}
{{coord missing|Germany}}
{{coord missing|Germany}}
[[Categoria:Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic]]
[[Categoria:Història de l'Església Catòlica]]
[[Categoria:Ciutats de Saxònia-Anhalt]]
[[Categoria:Segle X]]
[[Categoria:Bisbats]]
[[Category:Former Roman Catholic dioceses in Germany]]
[[Category:Merseburg]]
[[Category:967 establishments]]
[[Category:1815 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Dioceses established in the 10th century]]
[[de:Bistum Merseburg]]
[[it:Diocesi di Merseburg]]
[[nl:Prinsbisdom Merseburg]]
[[en:Bishopric of Merseburg]]
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