Clorur d'amoni: diferència entre les revisions
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{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477003841
| ImageFile = Ammonium chloride.jpg
| ImageFile1 = NH4Cl.png
| ImageSize =
| IUPACName = Ammonium chloride
| OtherNames = Sal ammoniac, salmiac, nushadir salt, sal armagnac, salt armoniack
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 01Q9PC255D
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D01139
| InChI = 1/ClH.H3N/h1H;1H3
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 31206
| SMILES = [Cl-].[NH4+]
| InChIKey = NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYAI
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/ClH.H3N/h1H;1H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 12125-02-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem =
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID=23807
| RTECS = BP4550000
| EINECS = 235-186-4
| ATCCode_prefix = B05
| ATCCode_suffix = XA04
| ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|G04|BA01}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = NH<sub>4</sub>Cl
| MolarMass = 53.491 g/mol
| Appearance = White solid <br> [[hygroscopic]]
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 1.5274 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 338 °C (decomposes)
| BoilingPt = 520 °C
| Solubility = 297 g/L (0 °C) <br> 372 g/L (20 °C) <br> 773 g/L (100 °C)
| SolubleOther = 6 g/L (19 °C)
| Solvent = alcohol
| RefractIndex = 1.642
| pKa = 9.24
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −314.55 kJ/mol<ref name="NIST">Solid state data from {{nist|name=Ammonium chloride |id=C12125029 |accessdate=22 October 2008 |mask=1F |units=SI}}</ref>
| Entropy = 94.85 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> <ref name="NIST" />
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHSp|GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=326372|name=Ammonium chloride|accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|319}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1051.htm ICSC 1051]
| EUClass = Harmful ('''Xn''')<br/>Irritant ('''Xi''')
| EUIndex = 017-014-00-8
| RPhrases = {{R22}}, {{R36}}
| SPhrases = {{S2}}, {{S22}}
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-O =
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 = 1650 mg/kg, oral (rat)
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Ammonium fluoride]]<br/>[[Ammonium bromide]]<br/>[[Ammonium iodide]]
| OtherCations = [[Sodium chloride]]<br/>[[Potassium chloride]]<br/>[[Hydroxylammonium chloride]]
}}
}}
El '''clorur d'amoni''', és un [[compost inorgànic]] amb la fórmula química [[Amoni|NH<sub>4</sub>]][[Clorur|Cl]], és una sal química blanca cristal·lina molt soluble en aigua. Les solucions de clorur d'amoni són lleugerament àcides. Salmiac és el nom de la forma mineralògica natural formada per clorur d'amoni. Aquest mineral és comú en munts on es crema el carbó però també en alguns volcans i en la [[regalèssia]] (en petites quntitats). És el producte de la reacció entre l'[[àcid clorhídric]] i l'[[amoníac]].
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