Lota: diferència entre les revisions

És un peix d'[[aigua dolça]] i [[aigua salabrosa|salabrosa]] (entre 1 i 700 m de fondària),<ref name="Scott, W. B. i E. J. Crossman, [[1973]]."> Scott, W. B. i E. J. Crossman, [[1973]]. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966.</ref> [[Peix demersal|demersal]], potamòdrom<ref name="Riede, K., [[2004]].">Riede, K., [[2004]]. Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, [[Bonn]], [[Alemanya]]. 329 p.</ref> i de [[clima temperat]] (4&nbsp;°C-18&nbsp;°C;<ref name="Baensch, H. A. i R. Riehl, [[1991]].">Baensch, H. A. i R. Riehl, [[1991]]. Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. [[Melle]]: Mergus, Verlag für Natur- und Heimtierkunde, [[Alemanya]]. 1104 p.</ref> 78°N-40°N, 180°W-180°E), el qual viu en les aigües ben oxigenades dels grans llacs fondos, [[estuari]]s, petits [[rierol]]s de muntanya i grans rius d'[[Europa]] i el nord d'[[Àsia]]: [[Àustria]],<ref name="AFMAFEWM, [[2011]].">AFMAFEWM, [[2011]]. Checklist of species in Austria. Federal Office for Water Management, Institute of Waters Ecology, Fisheries and Lake Research.</ref> l'[[Azerbaidjan]], [[Bielorússia]], [[Bèlgica]], [[Bòsnia i Hercegovina]], [[Bulgària]], la [[Xina]],<ref name="Institute of Hydrobiology, Academia Sinica, Shanghai Natural Museum and Ministry of Agriculture of China, [[1993]]."> Institute of Hydrobiology, Academia Sinica, Shanghai Natural Museum and Ministry of Agriculture of China, [[1993]]. The freshwater fishes of China in coloured illustrations. Vol. 3. 166 pàgines. </ref><ref name="Walker, K.F. i H.Z. Yang, [[1999]].">Walker, K.F. i H.Z. Yang, [[1999]]. 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Saat, [[2003]].">Ojaveer, E., E. Pihu i T. Saat, [[2003]]. Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, [[Tallinn]]. 416 p. </ref> [[Finlàndia]],<ref name="Koli, L., [[1990]].">Koli, L., [[1990]]. Suomen kalat (Peixos de Finlàndia). Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. [[Helsinki]]. 357 p. (en [[finès]]). </ref> l'[[Estat francèsFrança]],<ref name="Keith, P. i J. Allardi (coords.), [[2001]]."> Keith, P. i J. Allardi (coords.), [[2001]]. Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de France. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, [[París]]. Patrimoines naturels, 47:1-387.</ref><ref name="Keith, P. i J. Allardi, [[1996]].">Keith, P. i J. Allardi, [[1996]]. Endangered freshwater fish: the situation in France. P. 35-54. A. Kirchhofer i D. Hefti (eds). A: Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, [[Basilea]], [[Suïssa]].</ref> [[Alemanya]],<ref name="Blažek, V., J. Celadín i M. Betákova, [[2004]].">Blažek, V., J. Celadín i M. Betákova, [[2004]]. Old Prussian fish-names. Baltistica 39(1):107-125. </ref> [[Hongria]], l'[[Iran]], [[Itàlia]],<ref name="Bianco, P. G. i V. Ketmaier, [[2001]].">Bianco, P. G. i V. Ketmaier, [[2001]]. Anthropogenic changes in the freshwater fish fauna of Italy, with reference to the central region and ''[[Barbus graellsii]]'', a newly established alien species of Iberian origin. J. Fish Biol. 59(Suppl.A):190-208.</ref> el [[Kazakhstan]], [[Letònia]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Lituània]], [[Luxemburg]], la [[República de Macedònia]], [[Moldàvia]], [[Mongòlia]],<ref name="Dulmaa, A., [[1999]]."> Dulmaa, A., [[1999]]. Fish and fisheries in Mongolia. P. 187-236. A: T. Petr (ed.). Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes: Asia. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. No. 385. [[FAO]], [[Roma]]. 304 p. </ref><ref name="[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]], [[2006]]."> [[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]], [[2006]]. Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature. El [[Banc Mundial]], [[Washington DC]]. 103 p. {{citar web|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMONGOLIA/Resources/fishes_of_mongolia.pdf|títol=PDF<!--Títol generat per bot-->}}</ref> [[Montenegro]], els [[Països Baixos]],<ref name="Nijssen, H. i S.J. de Groot, [[1974]].">Nijssen, H. i S.J. de Groot, [[1974]]. Catalogue of fish species of the Netherlands. Beaufortia 21(285):173-207.</ref> [[Noruega]], [[Polònia]],<ref name="Penczak, T., [[1999]].">Penczak, T., [[1999]]. Fish production and food consumption in the Warta river (Poland): continued post-impoundment study (1990-1994). Hydrobiologia 416:107-123. </ref> [[Romania]],<ref>Iacob, L. i I. Dima, [[2006]]. Regnul Animalia. Eukarya. Enciclopedia Florei si Faunei din Romania. </ref> [[Rússia]],<ref name="Reshetnikov, Y. S., [[2003]]."> Reshetnikov, Y. S., [[2003]]. Atlas of Russian freshwater fishes. Vol. 2. Moscow Nauka. </ref><ref name="Reshetnikov, Y. S., N. G. Bogutskaya, E. D. Vasil'eva, E. A. Dorofeeva, A. M. Naseka, O. A. Popova, K. A. Savvaitova, V. G. Sideleva i L. I. Sokolov, [[1997]].">Reshetnikov, Y. S., N. G. Bogutskaya, E. D. Vasil'eva, E. A. Dorofeeva, A. M. Naseka, O. A. Popova, K. A. Savvaitova, V. G. Sideleva i L. I. Sokolov, [[1997]]. An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9): 687-736.</ref> [[Sèrbia]], [[Eslovàquia]],<ref name="Holcik, J., [[1996]].">Holcik, J., [[1996]]. Vanishing freshwater fish species of Slovakia. P. 79-86. A. Kirchhofer i D. Hefti (eds). A: Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, [[Basilea]], [[Suïssa]].</ref> [[Eslovènia]],<ref name="Povz, M., [[1996]].">Povz, M., [[1996]]. The red data list of the freshwater lampreys (''[[Cyclostomata]]'') and fish (''[[peix|Pisces]]'') of Slovenia. P. 63-72. A. Kirchhofer i D. Hefti (eds). A: Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, [[Basilea]], [[Suïssa]]. </ref> [[Suècia]], [[Suïssa]]<ref name="Hartmann, G. L., [[1827]].">Hartmann, G. L., [[1827]]. Helvetische Ichthyologie, oder ausführliche Naturgeschichte der in der Schweiz sich vorfindenden Fische. Orell, Füßli und Compagnie, [[Zuric]], [[Suïssa]]. </ref> i [[Ucraïna]], incloent-hi des de la [[conca hidrogràfica|conca]] del [[riu Loira]] ([[França]]) fins a les conques de l'[[oceà Àrtic]]<ref name="Andriyashev, A.P. i N.V. Chernova, [[1995]]."> Andriyashev, A.P. i N.V. Chernova, [[1995]]. Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123.</ref> i de les mars [[Mar Blanca|Blanca]] i [[Mar de Barentsz|de Barentsz]]; la conca superior del [[riu Volga]]; la conca sud-oriental de la [[mar Càspia]]; els rius que desemboquen a la [[mar Negra]]; la conca del [[Roine]] ([[França]]); i la conca del [[Riu Po|Po]] a [[Itàlia]]. Ha esdevingut extinta a l'est d'[[Anglaterra]]<ref name="Wheeler, A.C., N.R. Merrett i D.T.G. Quigley, [[2004]]."> Wheeler, A.C., N.R. Merrett i D.T.G. Quigley, [[2004]]. Additional records and notes for Wheeler's ([[1992]]) List of the Common and Scientific Names of Fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 65 (Supplement B): 1-40.</ref><ref name="Wheeler, A., [[1992]]."> Wheeler, A., [[1992]]. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the [[illes Britàniques|British Isles]]. J. Fish Biol. 41(1):1-37.</ref><ref name="Maitland, P. S. i A. A. Lyle, [[1996]].">Maitland, P. S. i A. A. Lyle, [[1996]]. Threatened freshwater fishes of Great Britain. P. 9-21. A. Kirchhofer i D. Hefti (eds). A: Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, [[Basilea]], [[Suïssa]]. </ref> i era absent, originalment, de la [[península Ibèrica]], del centre i del sud d'[[Itàlia]], de la conca de la [[mar Adriàtica]], de [[Grècia]], d'[[Irlanda]], de l'oest i del nord de la [[Gran Bretanya]], i de l'oest de [[França]].<ref name="Catalogue of Life"></ref><ref name="FishBase">[http://www.fishbase.org/summary/Lota-lota.html FishBase] {{en}}</ref><ref name="Hanel, L., Plíštil, J. & Novák, J., [[2009]].">Hanel, L., Plíštil, J. & Novák, J., [[2009]]. Checklist of the fishes and fish-like vertebrates on the European continent and adjacent seas. Bull. Lampetra, ZO ČSOP Vlašim, 6: 108-180.</ref><ref>[http://data.gbif.org/species/2415460/ GBIF] {{en}}</ref><ref name="Blanc, M., J.-L. Gaudet, P. Banarescu i J.-C. Hureau, [[1971]].">Blanc, M., J.-L. Gaudet, P. Banarescu i J.-C. Hureau, [[1971]]. European inland water fish. A multilingual catalogue. Fishing News (Books) Ltd., [[Londres]]. [[Gran Bretanya]].</ref><ref name="Bogutskaya, N.G. i A.M. Naseka, [[1996]].">Bogutskaya, N.G. i A.M. Naseka, [[1996]]. Cyclostomata and fishes of Khanka Lake drainage area ([[Amur]] river basin). An annotated check-list with comments on taxonomy and zoogeography of the region. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci.: 89 p.</ref><ref name="Gerstmeier, R. i T. Romig, [[1998]].">Gerstmeier, R. i T. Romig, [[1998]]. Die Süßwasserfische Europas: für Naturfreunde und Angler. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, [[Stuttgart]], [[Alemanya]]. 368 p.</ref><ref>[[Albert Günther|Günther, A.]], [[1853]]. Die Fische des Neckars. Verlag von Ebner & Seubert, [[Stuttgart]], [[Alemanya]]. 136 p.</ref><ref name="[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]], [[1997]].">[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]], [[1997]]. European freshwater fishes. Biologia 52, Suppl. 5:1-271.</ref><ref>Müller, W., [[1960]]. Beiträge zur Biologie der Quappe (''Lota lota'', L.) nach Untersuchungen in den Gewässern zwischen Elbe und Oder. Zeitschr. f. Fisch. u.d. Hilfswiss. 9(1):1-72.</ref><ref name="Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin i H. Jespersen, [[2000]].">Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin i H. Jespersen, [[2000]]. Checklist and status of fish species in the Baltic Sea. ICES CM 2000/Mini:11, 15 p.</ref> Hom creu que les poblacions de [[Sibèria]] Oriental i [[Nord-amèrica]] pertanyen a una espècie diferent: [[Lota maculosa]].<ref name="[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] i J. Freyhof, [[2007]]."></ref><ref name="UICN"></ref>