Vaccí contra la COVID-19: diferència entre les revisions

Els resultats positius d’una anàlisi provisional de quatre assaigs en curs es van anunciar el 23 de novembre de 2020 i es van publicar el 8 de desembre de 2020.<ref name="Voysey">{{ref-web| url = https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32661-1/fulltext |títol= Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK - The Lancet | format = | access-date =9 desembre 2020}}</ref> L'eficàcia general va ser del 70%, que va del 62% al 90% amb diferents règims de dosificació, amb un perfil de seguretat revisat per especialistes.<ref name = "Voysey" />|locations=Brasil (5.000),<ref>{{ref-web|títol=Trial of Oxford COVID-19 vaccine starts in Brazil |url=https://covid19vaccinetrial.co.uk/brazil-trial-launch |editor=[[Jenner Institute]] |access-date= 26 agost 2020 |archive-date= 9 setembre 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909025948/https://covid19vaccinetrial.co.uk/brazil-trial-launch |url-status=live }}</ref> Regne Unit, Índia<ref>{{ref-notícia|títol=Oxford COVID-19 vaccine final trials will be held in these 17 hospitals in India |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/oxford-covid-19-vaccine-trials-will-be-held-in-these-17-hospitals-in-india-11597839519639.html |obra=mint |data= 19 agost 2020 }}</ref>|duration=maig 2020{{snd}}Aug 2021}}

|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=543|description=Anticossos específics per l'espiga el dia 28; [[anticòs neutralitzant|anticossos neutralitzants]] després d'una [[dosi de reforç]] al dia 56<ref name="folegatti">{{ref-publicació|cognom1=Folegatti |nom1=Pedro M |cognom2=Ewer |nom2=Katie J |cognom3=Aley |nom3=Parvinder K |cognom4=Angus |nom4=Brian |cognom5=Becker |nom5=Stephan |cognom6=Belij-Rammerstorfer |nom6=Sandra |cognom7=Bellamy |nom7=Duncan |cognom8=Bibi |nom8=Sagida |cognom9=Bittaye |nom9=Mustapha |last10=Clutterbuck |first10=Elizabeth A |last11=Dold |first11=Christina |last12=Faust |first12=Saul N |last13=Finn |first13=Adam |last14=Flaxman |first14=Amy L |last15=Hallis |first15=Bassam |last16=Heath |first16=Paul |last17=Jenkin |first17=Daniel |last18=Lazarus |first18=Rajeka |last19=Makinson |first19=Rebecca |last20=Minassian |first20=Angela M |last21=Pollock |first21=Katrina M |last22=Ramasamy |first22=Maheshi |last23=Robinson |first23=Hannah |last24=Snape |first24=Matthew |last25=Tarrant |first25=Richard |last26=Voysey |first26=Merryn |last27=Green |first27=Catherine |last28=Douglas |first28=Alexander D |last29=Hill |first29=Adrian V S |last30=Lambe |first30=Teresa |last31=Gilbert |first31=Sarah C |last32=Pollard |first32=Andrew J |display-authors=6 |author-link2=Katie Ewer |títol=Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial |publicació=Lancet |data= juliol 2020 |volum=396 |exemplar=10249 |pàgines=467–78 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31604-4 |pmid=32702298 |pmc=7445431 |doi-access=free |lay-url=https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/07/20/new-data-on-the-oxford-az-vaccine |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref>}}

| [[Regne Unit]]<ref>{{ref-web|títol=Oxford University/AstraZeneca vaccine authorised by UK medicines regulator |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/oxford-universityastrazeneca-vaccine-authorised-by-uk-medicines-regulator |website=Gov.uk |editor=

Department of Health and Social Care|access-date=30 desembre 2020 |data=30 desembre 2020}}</ref>

|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=40000|description=Doble cec aleatoritzat, controlat amb placebo per avaluar l'eficàcia, la immunogenicitat i la seguretat<ref>{{ref-web|títol=Clinical Trial of Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Gam-COVID-Vac Vaccine Against COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04530396?term=vaccine&cond=covid-19&draw=3 |website=ClinicalTrials.gov |access-date= 11 setembre 2020 |archive-date= 12 setembre 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200912231654/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04530396?term=vaccine&cond=covid-19&draw=3 |url-status=live }}</ref>|locations=Rússia, Índia<ref>{{ref-notícia|cognom1=Kumar |nom1=Shivani |títol=Sputnik-V from Russia arrives in India for clinal trials |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sputnik-v-from-russia-arrives-in-india-for-clinal-trials/story-b8k3Ecncxw2RBTrIxOiqxO.html |obra=Hindustan Times |data=1 desembre 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{ref-notícia|títol=Clinical trial: 17 volunteers given Russia's Sputnik V Covid-19 vaccine in Pune |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/clinical-trial-17-volunteers-given-russias-sputnik-v-covid-19-vaccine-in-pune-7094153/ |obra=The Indian Express |data=6 desembre 2020 }}</ref>|duration=Ago 2020 - Mai 2021}}

|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=76|description=Respostes dels [[anticossos neutralitzants]] i [[limfòcits T]].<ref name="logunov">{{ref-publicació|cognom1=Logunov |nom1=Denis Y |cognom2=Dolzhikova |nom2=Inna V |cognom3=others |títol=Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1/2 studies from Russia |publicació=The Lancet |any=2020 |volum=396 |exemplar=10255 |pàgines=887–97 | issn=0140-6736 | doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31866-3 | pmid=32896291 | pmc=7471804 | s2cid=221472251 | doi-access=free | name-list-style=vanc }}</ref>|locations=Rússia|duration=Jun 2020<ref name="logunov" /> - Set 2020}}

| [[Rússia]]<ref name="burki">{{ref-publicació| vauthors = Burki TK |títol= The Russian vaccine for COVID-19 |publicació= The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine |volum= 8 |exemplar= 11 |pàgines= e85–e86 |data= novembre 2020 | pmid = 32896274 | doi = 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30402-1 | url = https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(20)30402-1/fulltext | doi-access = free }}</ref>

| [[Bielorússia]]<ref>{{ref-notícia|títol=Belarus registers Sputnik V vaccine, in first outside Russia - RDIF |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-belarus/belarus-registers-sputnik-v-vaccine-in-first-outside-russia-rdif-idINKBN28V0ZG |access-date=22 desembre 2020 |obra=Reuters |data=21 desembre 2020 }}</ref>

|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=33620|description=Doble cec, aleatoritzat i controlat amb placebo per avaluar l'eficàcia i la seguretat|locations=[[Brasil]] (15,000);<ref>{{ref-web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/americas/article/3106177/tests-show-coronavirus-vaccine-chinas-sinovac-safe-says-brazils |títol=Archived copy |access-date= 29 octubre 2020 |archive-date= 29 octubre 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029151527/https://www.scmp.com/news/world/americas/article/3106177/tests-show-coronavirus-vaccine-chinas-sinovac-safe-says-brazils |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Xile]] (3,000);<ref>{{ref-web|url=https://chilereports.cl/en/news/2020/08/04/chile-initiates-clinical-study-for-covid-19-vaccine |títol=Archived copy |access-date= 29 octubre 2020 |archive-date= 11 octubre 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011190302/https://chilereports.cl/en/news/2020/08/04/chile-initiates-clinical-study-for-covid-19-vaccine |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Indonèsia]] (1,620); [[Turquia]] (13,000)<ref>{{ref-web|títol=Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial For Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cell), Inactivated |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04582344 |editor=clinicaltrials.gov |data= 8 octubre 2020 |access-date= 22 octubre 2020 |archive-date= 20 octubre 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020123218/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04582344 |url-status=live }}</ref>|duration=Jul 2020 – Oct 2021 a Brasil; Ago 2020 – Gen 2021 a Indonèsia}}

|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|participants=600|description=Immunogenicitat que provoca un 92% de seroconversió a dosis més baixes i un 98% a dosis més altes després de 14 dies<ref>{{ref-publicació|cognom1=Zhang |nom1=Yanjun |cognom2=Zeng |nom2=Gang |cognom3=Pan |nom3=Hongxing |cognom4=Li |nom4=Changgui |cognom5=Hu |nom5=Yaling |cognom6=Chu |nom6=Kai |cognom7=Han |nom7=Weixiao |cognom8=Chen |nom8=Zhen |cognom9=Tang |nom9=Rong |last10=Yin |first10=Weidong |last11=Chen |first11=Xin |last12=Hu |first12=Yuansheng |last13=Liu |first13=Xiaoyong |last14=Jiang |first14=Congbing |last15=Li |first15=Jingxin |last16=Yang |first16=Minnan |last17=Song |first17=Yan |last18=Wang |first18=Xiangxi |last19=Gao |first19=Qiang |last20=Zhu |first20=Fengcai | display-authors=6 |títol=Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18–59 years: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial |publicació=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |data= novembre 2020 |volum=0 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30843-4 |pmid=33217362 |s2cid=227099817 | doi-access=free |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref>|locations=Xina|duration=Mai 2020 -}}

| [[Xina]] (''aviat'')<ref>{{ref-notícia|títol=China prepares large-scale rollout of domestically-produced coronavirus vaccines|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-china-prepares-large-scale-rollout-of-domestically-produced|data=6 desembre 2020|access-date=7 desembre 2020|obra=The Globe and Mail|autor=Huizhong Wu}}</ref>

| [[Bolívia]]<ref>{{ref-web|títol=Bolívia autoriza uso de vacinas Sputnik V e CoronaVac contra covid-19 |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/internacional/ultimas-noticias/2021/01/06/bolivia-autoriza-uso-de-vacinas-sputnik-v-e-coronavac-contra-covid-19.htm |website=noticias.uol.com.br |access-date= 6 gener 2021 |llengua=pt-br}}</ref>