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{{Traducció|en|John III, Duke of Brabant}}
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{{Infobox Nobility|
| name =John III
| title =[[Duke of Brabant]]<br>[[Duke of Lothier]]<br>[[Duke of Limburg]]
| image =Jan3Brabant.jpg
| spouse =[[Marie d'Évreux]]
| issue = [[Joanna, Duchess of Brabant]]<br>Margaret of Brabant<br>Marie of Brabant<br>John<br>Henry<br>Godfrey
| titles =The Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg
| noble family =[[House of Reginar]]
| father =[[John II, Duke of Brabant]]
| mother =[[Margaret of England (1275–1333)|Margaret, Princess of England]]
| date of birth =
| place of birth =1300
| date of death =5 December 1355
| place of death =[[Brussels]]
|}}
{{Fitxa de Noblesa |
| nom = Joan III
| títol = duc de Brabant ( saltalinia ) Duc de du Lothier ( saltalinia ) duc de [[
| imatge = Jan3Brabant.jpg
| cònjuge = Marie d ' [[
| Nombre = Joana, duquessa de Brabant ( saltalinia ) Margarida de Brabant ( saltalinia ) Maria de Brabant ( saltalinia ) Joan ( saltalinia ) Henry ( saltalinia ) [[
| títol = El duc de Brabant, Limburg i du Lothier
| noble família = Cambra de [[
| [[
| mare [[
| data de naixement =
| lloc de naixement = 1300
| data de defunció = 5 desembre 1355
| lloc de defunció = [[
| tancaclau )}
'''Jan III van Brabant''' (1300
Jan III van Brabant (1300 - 5 de desembre 1355, Brussel ) també anomenat Juan III, el triomfant {{Infobox Nobility|
| name =John III
== Marriage ==
| title =[[Duke of Brabant]]<br>[[Duke of Lothier]]<br>[[Duke of Limburg]]
In 1311, as his father's gesture of ''rapprochement'' with France, John married [[Marie d'Évreux]] (d. 1335), the daughter of count [[Louis d'Évreux]] and [[Margaret of Artois]]. They had six children:
| image =Jan3Brabant.jpg
* [[Joanna, Duchess of Brabant]] (1322–1406)
| spouse =[[Marie d'Évreux]]
* [[Margaret of Brabant (1323–1368)|Margaret of Brabant]] (February 9, 1323 – 1368), married at [[Saint-Quentin, Aisne|Saint-Quentin]] on June 6, 1347 [[Louis II of Flanders]]
| issue = [[Joanna, Duchess of Brabant]]<br>Margaret of Brabant<br>Marie of Brabant<br>John<br>Henry<br>Godfrey
* Marie of Brabant (1325 – March 1, 1399), Lady of [[Turnhout]], married at [[Tervuren]] on July 1, 1347 [[Reginald III of Guelders]]
| titles =The Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg
* John (1327–1335/36)
| noble family =[[House of Reginar]]
* Henri (d. October 29, 1349)
| father =[[John II, Duke of Brabant]]
* Godfrey (d. aft. February 3, 1352)
| mother =[[Margaret of England (1275–1333)|Margaret, Princess of England]]
| date of birth =
==John and the towns of Brabant==
| place of birth =1300
The early fourteenth century, an economic boom time for Brabant, marks the rise of the Duchy's towns, which depended on English wool for their essential cloth industry. During John's minority, the major towns of Brabant had the authority to appoint councillors to direct a regency, under terms of the [[Charter of Kortenberg]] granted by his father in the year of his death (1312). By 1356 his daughter and son-in-law were forced to accept [[Joyous Entry of 1356|the famous Joyous Entry]] as a condition for their recognition, so powerful had the States of Brabant become.
| date of death =5 December 1355
| place of death =[[Brussels]]
The marital alignment with France was tested and failed as early as 1316, when [[Louis X of France|Louis X]] requested Brabant to cease trade with Flanders and to participate in a French attack; the councillors representing the towns found this impossible, and in reprisal Louis prohibited all French trade with Brabant in February 1316, in violation of a treaty of friendship he had signed with Brabant in the previous October.
|}} va ser duc de Brabant, du Lothier, i Limburg (1.312-1355) <ref>les dades biogràfiques es poden trobar a ( Alphonse Wauters ) Nacional Biographie ( Académie Royale de Belgique ) vol. 10, 1889, s.v. " Joan III " pàg 237-274</ref> Fill de Joan II, duc de Brabant i la seva dona Margaret , filla del rei Eduard I d' Anglaterra i Leonor de Castella'''.'''[[Regió de Brussel·les-Capital|.]]'''.'''[[.]][[.]][[de]] Castella''.''''de Castella.''[[de Castella.]][[de]][[Eduard I d'Anglaterra|Leonor de Castella.]][[de Castella.]]
==The French alliance, 1332-1337==
== == matrimoni
After his initial period of maintaining independent neutrality from both France and England failed,<ref>The following details are drawn from Sergio Boffa, "The Duchy of Brabant caught between France and England: geopolitics and diplomacy during the first half of the Hundred Years' War", in ''The Hundred Years War: A Wider Focus'', L. J. Andrew Villalon, Donald J. Kagay, eds. vol. I, 2005.</ref> neighboring sovereigns in the Low Countries, stimulated as a matter of policy by [[Philip VI of France]], became John's enemies; among the adversaries of John were the [[Count of Flanders]], [[Bishopric of Liège|the prince-bishop of Liège]], and counts of [[Holland]] and [[Guelders]]. In 1332, a crisis with the king of France arose over John's hospitality to Robert, count of Flanders, during his journey to eventual asylum at the English court. In response to French pressure John reminded Philip that he did not hold Brabant from him but from God alone.<ref>Boffa 2005: 216.</ref> A brief campaign of a coalition of Philip's friends came to a truce, followed by a pact at Compiègne by which John received a fief from Philip worth 2000 ''livres'' and declared himself a vassal of France. His oldest son, Jean, was betrothed to Philip's daughter Marie, and it was agreed that the Brabançon heir would complete his education at the French court in Paris and that Robert of Artois would be expelled from Brabant.
En 1311, com un gest del seu pare d'acostament amb França, Joan es va casar amb Marie d ' Évreux ( d. 1335 ) la filla del comte Lluís d'Evreux i Margarida d'Artois. Van tenir sis fills '':''[[:]][[Lluís d'Evreux|:]][[:]]
* Joana, duquessa de Brabant [[(1322-1406)]]
The support of France strengthened John's hand with his feudal suzerein, the [[Holy Roman Emperor]]. Though he was technically the Emperor's feudal [[vassal]], John had been able to ignore [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Louis IV]]'s summons to join him in his intended invasion of Lombardy (1327).<ref>Boffa 2005:214</ref> The separation of Brabant from the Empire was completed by the Burgundian dukes of Brabant in the fifteenth century.
* Margarida de Brabant ( 9 febrer 1323 - 1368), casat a Saint - Quentin - en 6 juny 1347 Lluís II de [[Flandes]][[Saint-Quentin (Aisne)|Flandes]][[Flandes]]
* Maria de Brabant (1325 - 1 març 1399 ) Senyora de Turnhout , es va casar a Tervuren 1 juliol 1347 Reginald III de [[Turnhout|Gelderland]][[Tervuren|Gelderland]][[Gelderland]]
Meanwhile, the princes of the Low Countries settled their differences and formed a coalition against Brabant with a defensive alliance in June 1333. War was briefly brought to the Duchy of Brabant in the summer of 1334, but resolved by a peace brokered by Philip at [[Amiens]]. The French king declared that John had to hand over the town of [[Tiel]] and its neighbouring villages [[Heerewaarden]] and [[Zandwijk]] to the count of Guelders and to betroth his daughter Marie to the count's son, Reinoud.
* John ( 1327-1335/36 )
* Enrique ( m. 29 octubre 1349 )
==The English alliance, 1337-1355==
* Godfrey ( mort en popa. 3 febrer 1352 )
When [[Edward III of England]] decided to press his claim to the crown of France in 1337, John, who was his first cousin became an ally of [[England]] during the first stage of the [[Hundred Years' War]]. To Edward's diplomatic offensive to draw Brabant away from France, John lent a sympathetic ear.<ref>Material in this paragraph is drawn from Boffa 2005:9f..</ref> Disrupting the staple connection between the towns of Flanders and the sources of English wool should divert it to the towns of Brabant, notably the recently-established wool exchange. Edward protected Brabançon merchants in England from arrest or the confiscation of their goods, and he sweetened his offers with a promise of £60,000, an immense sum, and to make good any losses of revenue that might be confiscated by the king of France. The same month of July 1337 John promised Edward 1200 of his men-at-arms in the event of an English campaign in France, Edward to pay their salary. In August Edward pledged not to negotiate with the king without prior consultation with the duke. The alliance, kept secret at John's insistence, came into the open when Edward landed with his troops at Antwerp July 1338. John received the promised subsidy (March 1339) and agreed in June to betroth John's second daughter, Margaret, to [[Edward, the Black Prince]], heir to the English throne. Two seasons of inconclusive campaigning that ravaged the north of France left Edward penniless at the end of 1341; he returned home, and when he returned to the fray, it was to Brittany: he never returned to the Low Countries.
== Joan i les ciutats de Brabant ==
==The French alliance, 1345-1346==
A principis del segle XIV , un moment d'auge econòmic de Brabant, marca el sorgiment de les ciutats del ducat , que depenia de la llana en anglès de la seva indústria tèxtil essencials. Durant la minoria de Joan, les principals ciutats de Brabant tenia l'autoritat per nomenar els consellers per dirigir una regència, en els termes de la Carta de Kortenberg concedida pel seu pare en l' any de la seva mort ( 1312 ) En 1356 la seva filla i gendre, la llei es van veure obligats a acceptar la famosa entrada triomfal com una condició per al seu reconeixement, tan potent si els Estats de Brabant arribar a ser[[.]][[.]]
Though John was requesting papal dispensation for the marriage of Margaret and the Black Prince in 1343, the alliance with England unravelled as Edward's coffers emptied and his attentions turned elsewhere. In September 1345 representative of France and Brabant met at the [[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] to sign preliminary agreements, and by a treaty signed at Saint-Quentin, June 1347, Brabant was retained as an ally by France. Margaret was now to marry Louis of Male, who had inherited the title of count of Flanders, but whose power against the Flemish communes was virtually nil. A point of dispute with the count of Flanders had been the lordship of [[Mechelen|Mechelen/Malines]], a strategic [[enclave]] within Brabant: it was agreed that it would now come under full Brabançon control. Despite the diplomacy of Edward, John remained true to his French commitments until his death in December 1355.
L'alineació civil amb França ha estat provat i fracassat ja en 1316, quan Louis X Brabant va demanar el cessament del comerç amb Flandes i participar en un atac francès, els consellers que representen els pobles que es troben que això sigui impossible, i en represàlia Louis prohibit tot el comerç amb França Brabant, el febrer de 1316, en violació d'un tractat d'amistat que havia signat amb Brabant l'octubre de l' any anterior[[Lluís X de França|.]]
In 1350, Jews were persecuted in Brabant.
== L'aliança amb França, 1332-1337 ==
==The heiress of Brabant==
Després el seu període inicial de mantenir la neutralitat independents de França ia Anglaterra no, <ref>Les dades es deriven de Sergio Boff, " El ducat de Brabant atrapat entre França i Anglaterra: la geopolítica i la diplomàcia durant la primera meitat dels Cent Anys Guerra " a La Guerra dels Cent Anys: un enfocament més ampli, Villalón Andrew LJ, Donald J. Kagay, eds. vol. I 2005.</ref> sobirans veïns als Països Baixos, estimulat com un assumpte de política de Felip VI de França , es van convertir en enemics de Joan, entre els adversaris de John van ser el comte de Flandes, el príncep - bisbe de Lieja, i compte de Holanda i Gelderland. En 1332, una crisi amb el rei de França va sorgir arran de l'hospitalitat de Joan a Roberto, comte de Flandes, durant el seu viatge d'asil eventual en la cort Anglès. En resposta a la pressió francesa John Felip va recordar que ell no posseïa Brabant d' ell sinó de Déu. <ref>Boff 2005: 216.</ref> Una breu campanya d'una coalició d'amics de Felip va arribar a una treva, seguit per un pacte a Compiègne per la qual Joan va rebre un feu de Felip val 2.000 lliures i es va declarar vassall de França. El seu fill gran, Jean, va ser promesa a la filla de Maria de Felip, i es va acordar que l'hereu Brabançona completaria la seva educació a la cort francesa a París i que Roberto d'Artois seria expulsat de Brabant''.''[[Felip VI de França|expulsat de Brabant.]][[expulsat de Brabant.]][[Principat de Lieja|expulsat de Brabant.]][[de Brabant.]][[Comtat de Gueldre|Brabant.]]''de Brabant.''
In 1355, when his two surviving sons died one right after the other, John was forced to declare his daughter Joan his heiress, which would provoke a succession crisis after his death. John III was buried in the Cistercian [[Villers Abbey|Abbey of Villers]] (now in Belgium). His sons having predeceased him, he was succeeded by his daughter Joanna.
El suport de França enfortit la mà de Joan amb la seva suzerein feudal, l'emperador del Sacre Imperi. Tot i que tècnicament era vassall feudal de l'emperador, John havia estat capaç de fer cas omís de citació emperador Lluís IV de unir-se a ell en la seva invasió prevista de Llombardia ( 1327 ) <ref>Boff 2005:214</ref> La separació de Brabant l'Imperi va ser completat pels ducs de Borgonya, de Brabant , al segle XV[[Llista d'emperadors del Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic|.]][[vassall|.]][[Lluís IV del Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic|.]]
The standard history is Piet Avonds, ''Brabant tijdens de regering van Hertog Jan III (1312–1356)''(Koninglijke Academie, Brussels) 1991.
Mentrestant, els prínceps dels Països Baixos va establir les seves diferències i van formar una coalició en contra de Brabant amb una aliança defensiva al juny de 1333. Guerra s'ha presentat breument el ducat de Brabant, a l'estiu de 1334, però resolt per una pau negociada per Felipe a Amiens. El rei de França va declarar que John va haver de lliurar a la ciutat de Tiel i els seus pobles veïns Heerewaarden i Zandwijk al compte de Gelderland i desposar la seva filla Maria amb el fill del comte, Reinoud[[Amiens|.]][[Tiel|.]][[.]][[.]]
==Ancestors==
<center>{{ahnentafel-compact5
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|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #fcb;
|1= John III, Duke of Brabant
|2= [[John II, Duke of Brabant]]
|3= [[Margaret of England (1275–1333)|Margaret of England]]
|4= [[John I, Duke of Brabant]]
|5= [[Margaret of Flanders (d. 1285)|Margaret of Flanders]]
|6= [[Edward I of England|Edward I, King of England]]
|7= [[Eleanor of Castile]]
|8= [[Henry III, Duke of Brabant]]
|9= [[Adelaide of Burgundy (1233–1273)|Adelaide of Burgundy]]
|10= [[Guy of Dampierre|Guy, Count of Flanders]]
|11= Mathilde of Béthune
|12= [[Henry III of England|Henry III, King of England]]
|13= [[Eleanor of Provence]]
|14= [[Ferdinand III of Castile|Ferdinand III, King of Castile]]
|15= [[Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu|Jeanne of Dammartin, Countess of Ponthieu]]
|16= [[Henry II, Duke of Brabant]]
|17= [[Marie of Hohenstaufen]]
|18= [[Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy]]
|19= [[Yolande of Dreux (Burgundy)|Yolande of Dreux]]
|20= [[William II of Dampierre|William II, Lord of Dampierre]]
|21= [[Margaret II, Countess of Flanders]]
|22= Robert VII, Lord of Béthune
|23= Elisabeth of Morialmes
|24= [[John of England|John, King of England]]
|25= [[Isabella of Angoulême]]
|26= [[Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence]]
|27= [[Beatrice of Savoy]]
|28= [[Alfonso IX of León|Alfonso IX, King of León]]
|29= [[Berenguela of Castile]]
|30= Simon of Dammartin, Count of Ponthieu
|31= [[Marie, Countess of Ponthieu]]
}}</center>
== L'aliança Anglès, 1337-1355 ==
Quan Eduard III d' Anglaterra va decidir seguir a la seva pretensió a la corona de França en 1337, John, que era el seu cosí germà es va convertir en un aliat d'Anglaterra durant la primera etapa de la Guerra dels Cent Anys. A l'ofensiva diplomàtica d'Edward per dibuixar Brabant lluny de França, Joan prestat una oïda comprensiu. <ref>El material contingut en aquest paràgraf s'extreu de Boff 2005:9 f..</ref> La interrupció de la connexió de primera necessitat entre les ciutats de Flandes i les fonts de llana Anglès ha desviar a les ciutats de Brabant , en particular l'intercanvi de llana recentment establert. Edward protegides comerciants Brabançona a Anglaterra contra la detenció o la confiscació dels seus béns, i endolcit el seu ofertes amb una promesa de 60.000 lliures esterlines, una suma immensa, i per compensar les pèrdues d'ingressos que podrien ser confiscats pel rei de França. El mateix mes de juliol 1337 John Edward va prometre 1.200 dels seus homes d'armes en el cas d'una campanya d'anglès a França, Edward a pagar el seu salari. A l'agost d'Edward es va comprometre a no negociar amb el rei sense consulta prèvia amb el duc. L'aliança, va mantenir en secret davant la insistència de Joan, va sortir a la llum pública quan Edward va desembarcar amb les seves tropes a Anvers juliol 1338. Joan va rebre la subvenció promesa (març 1339) i va acordar al juny per prendré segona filla de John, Margaret, a Eduardo , el Príncep Negre, hereu al tron anglès. Dues temporades de campanya concloents que va assolar el nord de França van quedar sense un cèntim Edward a finals de 1341, va tornar a casa, i quan va tornar a la càrrega, que va anar a Bretanya: mai va tornar als Països Baixos[[
== L'aliança amb França, 1345-1346 ==
Encara que Joan es demana dispensa papal per al matrimoni de Margarita i el Príncep Negre en 1343, l'aliança amb Anglaterra desentranyat a les arques d'Edward buidat i es va tornar la seva atenció en altres llocs. En setembre 1345 representant de França i de Brabant es va reunir al castell de Saint - Germain - en - Laye per signar acords preliminars, i per un tractat signat a Saint - Quentin , juny de 1347, Brabant es va mantenir com un aliat de França. Margaret estava per casar-se amb Luis de l'home , que havia heretat el títol de comte de Flandes, però el
En 1350, jueus van ser perseguits en Brabant.
== L'hereva de Brabant ==
En 1355, quan els seus dos fills supervivents van morir un darrera l'altre, John es va veure obligat a declarar la seva filla Joana al seu hereva , el que provocaria una crisi de successió després de la seva mort. Joan III va ser enterrat a l'abadia cistercenca de Villers ( ara a Bèlgica ) Els seus fills van morir abans que ell, va ser succeït per la seva filla Joana[[
La història estàndard és Piet Avonds, Tijdens Brabant de regering van Hertog Jan III (1312-1356) ( Koninglijke Acadèmia ) Brussel 1991''.''
== == Ascendents
\ u003ccenter \ u003e {{
== Notes ==
{{ahnentafel-compact5
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|boxstyle_5=background-color: #fcb;
|1= John III, Duke of Brabant
|2= [[John II, Duke of Brabant]]
|3= [[Margaret of England (1275–1333)|Margaret of England]]
|4= [[John I, Duke of Brabant]]
|5= [[Margaret of Flanders (d. 1285)|Margaret of Flanders]]
|6= [[Edward I of England|Edward I, King of England]]
|7= [[Eleanor of Castile]]
|8= [[Henry III, Duke of Brabant]]
|9= [[Adelaide of Burgundy (1233–1273)|Adelaide of Burgundy]]
|10= [[Guy of Dampierre|Guy, Count of Flanders]]
|11= Mathilde of Béthune
|12= [[Henry III of England|Henry III, King of England]]
|13= [[Eleanor of Provence]]
|14= [[Ferdinand III of Castile|Ferdinand III, King of Castile]]
See also: [[Dukes of Brabant family tree]]
|15= [[Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu|Jeanne of Dammartin, Countess of Ponthieu]]
|16= [[Henry II, Duke of Brabant]]
==Notes==
|17= [[Marie of Hohenstaufen]]
{{Reflist}}
|18= [[Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy]]
|19= [[Yolande of Dreux (Burgundy)|Yolande of Dreux]]
{{start box}}
|20= [[William II of Dampierre|William II, Lord of Dampierre]]
{{s-reg}}
|21= [[Margaret II, Countess of Flanders]]
{{succession box | before=[[John II, Duke of Brabant]] | title=[[Duke of Brabant]], [[Duke of Lothier|Lothier]] and [[Duke of Limburg|Limburg]] | years=1312–1355 | after=[[Joanna, Duchess of Brabant|Joan]]}}
|22= Robert VII, Lord of Béthune
{{end box}}
|23= Elisabeth of Morialmes
|24= [[John of England|John, King of England]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:John Iii, Duke Of Brabant}}
|25= [[Isabella of Angoulême]]
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[[Category:Dukes of Brabant]]
[[Category:Dukes of Lothier]]
[[Category:1300 births|Brabant, John III, Duke of]]
[[Category:1355 deaths|Brabant, John III, Duke of]]
[[Category:House of Reginar]]
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