Nikkeijin
Els nikkei (日系) o nikkeijin (日系人) són la diàspora japonesa i els seus membres individuals, inclouen els emigrants japonesos del Japó (i els seus descendents) que resideixen en un país fora d'aquest. L'emigració del Japó es va registrar ja al segle XV a les Filipines,[25][26][27][28] però no es va convertir en un fenomen de masses fins al període Meiji (1868-1912), quan els japonesos van emigrar a les Filipines[29] i a les Amèriques.[30][31] Hi va haver una important emigració als territoris de l'Imperi del Japó durant el període d'expansió colonial japonesa (1875–1945); tanmateix, la majoria d'aquests emigrants es van repatriar després que la rendició del Japó el 1945 va posar fi a la Segona Guerra Mundial a Àsia.[32]
 | |
| Tipus | diàspora o migració per país/regió/continent d'origen  |
|---|---|
| Regions amb poblacions significatives | |
 Brazil | 2,000,000[1] (2018) |
 United States | 1,388,163[2] (2015) |
 Xina | 140,134[3]note |
 Philippines | 120,000[4][5] |
 Canada | 109,740[6] |
 Peru | 103,949[7] |
 Australia | 89,133[8] (2015) |
 Thailand | 82,574[9] (2021) |
 United Kingdom | 66,000[10] (2019) |
 Argentina | 65,000[11][12] |
 Germany | 44,770[13] (2019) |
 France | 40,500[14] (2019) |
 Singapore | 36,963[15] (2015) |
 South Korea | 36,708[8]note (2014) |
 Mexico | 28,000[16] |
 Hong Kong | 27,429[3] (2015) |
 Malaysia | 22,000[17] (2014) |
 Taiwan | 20,373[8] |
 Micronesia | 20,000[18] |
 New Zealand | 17,991[8]note (2015) |
 Indonesia | 16,296[8] (2013) |
 Bolivia | 14,000[19] |
 Vietnam | 13,547[20] (2014) |
 Italy | 13,299[8]note (2015) |
 Switzerland | 10,166[8]note (2014) |
 India | 9,197[21] (2017) |
 Spain | 8,080[8]note (2015) |
 Nova Caledònia | 8,000[22] |
 Netherlands | 8,929[8] (2021) |
 Paraguay | 7,000[23] |
 Belgium | 6,232[8] (2015) |
 Marshall Islands | 6,000[24] |
| Mapa de distribució | |
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Referències modifica
- ↑ «Japan-Brazil Relations (Basic Data)». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, 26-11-2019. Arxivat de l'original el 2021-02-25. [Consulta: 17 novembre 2021].
- ↑ «2015 Total population (table B01003) – United States – Japanese alone or in any combination» (en anglès). United States Census Bureau. Arxivat de l'original el 23 October 2021. [Consulta: 23 octubre 2021]. «Estimate 1,388,163»
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 «ja:海外在留邦人数調査統計» (en japonès). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, October 1, 2010.
- ↑ Agnote, Dario «A glimmer of hope for castoffs». , October 11, 2006.
- ↑ Ohno, Shun. «The Intermarried issei and mestizo nisei in the Philippines». A: Japanese diasporas: Unsung pasts, conflicting presents, and uncertain futures, 2006, p. 97. ISBN 978-1-135-98723-7.
- ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. «2011 National Household Survey: Data tables – Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey». 12.statcan.gc.ca, May 8, 2013. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ «Japan-Peru Relations (Basic Data)». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ 8,00 8,01 8,02 8,03 8,04 8,05 8,06 8,07 8,08 8,09 «Annual Report of Statistics on Japanese Nationals Overseas». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. [Consulta: May 30, 2016].
- ↑ «ja:令和4年（2022年）版（令和3年10月1日現在）». [Consulta: 10 febrer 2022].
- ↑ «Total number of residents from Japan living in the United Kingdom from 2013 to 2019». statista.com. [Consulta: April 25, 2021].
- ↑ «Japan-Argentine Relations». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
- ↑ «Argentina inicia una nueva etapa en su relación con Japón». Telam.com.ar. [Consulta: November 21, 2016].
- ↑ «Total number of residents from Japan living in Germany from 2013 to 2019». statista.com. [Consulta: April 25, 2021].
- ↑ «Total number of residents from Japan living in France from 2013 to 2019». statista.com. [Consulta: April 25, 2021].
- ↑ «Japan-Singapore Relations». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ «Japan-Mexico Relations». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
- ↑ «Japan-Malaysia Relations (Basic Data)». Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan, September 7, 2015. Arxivat de l'original el June 25, 2016. [Consulta: June 26, 2016].
- ↑ «Letter from Ambassador of FSM to Japan, Micronesia Registration Advisors, Inc.». Embassy of the Federated States of Micronesia, February 24, 2006. Arxivat de l'original el 12 April 2020. [Consulta: May 30, 2016].
- ↑ «ボリビア多民族国（The Plurinational State of Bolivia）基礎データ｜外務省». 外務省. Arxivat de l'original el 2021-02-25.
- ↑ «ja:ベトナム社会主義共和国（Socialist Republic of Viet Nam）». Mofa.go.jp. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ «ja:インド（India）». Mofa.go.jp. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ «A touch of Japan». The New Caledonia Weekly, October 14, 2008. Arxivat de l'original el October 14, 2008. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ «Japan-Paraguay Relations». Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, March 24, 2015. [Consulta: May 30, 2016].
- ↑ «Pacific Islands President, Bainbridge Lawmakers Find Common Ground » Kitsap Sun», July 16, 2011. Arxivat de l'original el July 16, 2011. [Consulta: December 12, 2017].
- ↑ «Ancient Japanese pottery in Boljoon town», 30-05-2011.
- ↑ Manansala, Paul Kekai. «Quests of the Dragon and Bird Clan: Luzon Jars (Glossary)», 05-09-2006.
- ↑ Cole, Fay-Cooper «Chinese Pottery in the Philippines». Field Museum of Natural History. Anthropological Series, vol. 12, 1, 1912.
- ↑ «Philippines History, Culture, Civilization and Technology, Filipino». asiapacificuniverse.com.
- ↑ さや・白石; Shiraishi, Takashi. The Japanese in Colonial Southeast Asia, 1993. ISBN 9780877274025.
- ↑ Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), Japan: Japan-Mexico relations
- ↑ Palm, Hugo. "Desafíos que nos acercan," Arxivat 15 April 2009 a Wayback Machine. El Comercio (Lima, Peru). 12 March 2008.
- ↑ Azuma, Eiichiro. «Brief Historical Overview of Japanese Emigration». International Nikkei Research Project, 2005. Arxivat de l'original el 2007-02-19. [Consulta: 2 febrer 2007].