Dinosaure amb plomes

(S'ha redirigit des de: Dinosaures amb plomes)

Els dinosaures amb plomes o dinosaures plumífers[1] es consideren fòssils de transició entre els dinosaures clàssics i aus.[2][3] Era ja conegut que les aus antigues com Archaeopteryx tenien moltes característiques de rèptil, com a dents, i arpes en els seus dits, i molts anys abans havia estat teoritzat que els ocells descendien de dinosaures teròpodes. A la fi dels anys 1990, els descobriments de dinosaures amb plomes a la Xina van proporcionar la prova concloent de la connexió, encara que els detalls genealògics encara estiguin sent dilucidats. S'ha demostrat de moltes formes la relació de descendència entre aus i dinosaures, ja que la seva similitud morfològica quant al crani, el maluc, les potes i les extremitats superiors és molt notable. Les aus són clarament monofilétiques i els seus primers representants es troben en el Juràssic (Protoavis, un fòssil controvertit del finals del Triàsic, és considerat no aviari per la majoria dels paleontòlegs).

Gèneres de dinosaures amb plomes modifica

Des de 1996 fins ara s'han descrit més de 30 gèneres de dinosaures no aviaris amb ploma o protoploma preservades en llurs fòssils:

  1. Avimimus* (inferit el 1987)[4][5]
  2. Sinosauropteryx (1996)[6]
  3. Protarchaeopteryx (1997)[7]
  4. Caudipteryx (1998)[8]
  5. Rahonavis* (1998)[9]
  6. Shuvuuia* (1999)[10]
  7. Sinornithosaurus (1999)[11]
  8. Beipiaosaurus (1999)[12]
  9. Microraptor (2000)[13]
  10. Nomingia* (2000)[14]
  11. Cryptovolans (2002)[15]
  12. Scansoriopteryx (2002)[16]
  13. Epidendrosaurus (2002)[17]
  14. Psittacosaurus sp.? (2002)[18]
  15. Yixianosaurus (2003)[19]
  16. Dilong (2004)[20]
  17. Pedopenna (2005)[21]
  18. Jinfengopteryx (2005)[22][23]
  19. Juravenator (2006)[24][25]
  20. Sinocalliopteryx (2007)[26]
  21. Velociraptor* (inferit el 2007: protuberancias de cañones de plumas)[27]
  22. Epidexipteryx (2008)[28]
  23. Similicaudipteryx (inferit el 2008: pigóstilo; confirmado en 2010)[29][30]
  24. Anchiornis (2009)[31]
  25. ¿Tianyulong? (2009)[32]
  26. Concavenator corcovatus? (inferit el 2010)[33]
  27. Yutyrannus (2012)[34]
  28. Sciurumimus (2012)[35]
  29. Ornithomimus (2012)[36]
  30. Ningyuansaurus (2012)[37]
  31. Eosinopteryx (2013)[38]
  32. Citipati (inferit el 2013: pigóstilo)[39]
  33. Conchoraptor (infererido en 2013: pigóstilo)[39]
  34. Jianchangosaurus (2013)[40]
  35. Aurornis (2013; posible avial)[41]
  36. Changyuraptor (2014)[42]
  37. ¿Kulindadromeus? (2014)[43]
  38. Citipati (inferido 2014: pigóstilo)[44]
  39. Conchoraptor (inferido 2014: pigóstilo)[39]
  40. Deinocheirus (inferit el 2014: pigóstilo)[45]
  41. Yi qi (2015)[46]
  42. Zhenyuanlong (2015)[47]
  43. Dakotaraptor (inferit el 2015: protuberancias de cañones de plumas)[48]
  44. Apatoraptor (2016)
  • Noteu que les estructures filamentoses trobades en alguns dinosaures ornitisquis (Psittacosaurus, Tianyulong, Kulindadromeus) i els pterosaures poden o no ser homòlogues amb les plomes i protoplomes dels teròpodes.[32][49]

Referències modifica

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Bibliografia modifica

  • Vila, B.; Alba, D. M. «Plomes, dinosaures i ocells. Què fou primer, la ploma o l'ocell?». Omnis Cellula, 20, 2009, pàg. 10-15.

Vegeu també modifica

Enllaços externs modifica